全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中德国康斯坦茨大学团队在《EMBO Molecular Medicine》报告，首次找到能被细菌分子直接激活的核受体 LRH-1/NR5A2 配体——反刍动物肠道菌产生的「异油酸」（vaccenic acid）。小鼠实验显示，异油酸可显著降低血糖与血脂并改善脂肪肝，机制是激活 LRH-1 转录因子、抑制炎症。研究者指出，二十多年来 LRH-1 在肠肝中的天然配体一直缺失，此次发现说明菌群失衡会通过缺失这类信号影响全身代谢；而人类经由牛羊肉、乳制品摄入异油酸后，该分子可继续在肠道发挥作用。

ENA team at the University of Konstanz, publishing in EMBO Molecular Medicine, identified vaccenic acid — produced by bacteria living in ruminants' guts — as the first bacterial ligand able to directly activate the nuclear receptor LRH-1/NR5A2. In mice, vaccenic acid significantly lowered blood glucose and lipids and improved fatty liver disease, acting by activating LRH-1 and suppressing inflammation. The authors note that the natural ligand for LRH-1 in gut and liver had been missing for over two decades, and that the finding shows how microbiome imbalance acts through the loss of such signals; because humans take up vaccenic acid from red meat and dairy, the molecule can keep exerting effects in the gut.

中中国医学科学院阜外医院云南医院团队在《Frontiers in Immunology》发表小鼠研究：16 周高脂饮食在诱发肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、血脂异常与全身炎症的同时，肠道菌群被大幅重编程——促炎的 Escherichia-Shigella、Parasutterella 等增多，产丁酸的 Roseburia 及 Alistipes、Parabacteroides 等保护性菌属减少。功能预测显示兼性厌氧、耐应激、成生物膜、潜在致病等表型富集，与 IL-6、TNF-α、CRP 升高及早期心肌重构同步出现，支持「肠-心轴」通路。研究者强调这是动物实验，人群因果仍待验证，膳食纤维与发酵食物仍是最实际的干预杠杆。

ENIn a mouse study published in Frontiers in Immunology, researchers at Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) found that 16 weeks of a high-fat diet induced obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation while substantially reprogramming the gut microbiome: inflammation-associated taxa such as Escherichia-Shigella and Parasutterella bloomed, while protective, butyrate-producing genera including Roseburia, Alistipes and Parabacteroides declined. Functional prediction showed enrichment of facultatively anaerobic, stress-tolerant, biofilm-forming and potentially pathogenic phenotypes, appearing alongside elevated IL-6, TNF-α and CRP and early myocardial remodeling — evidence for a working 'gut-heart axis'. The authors stress this is animal work, human causality is unproven, and fibre and fermented foods remain the most practical levers.

中一项 2026 年新研究对比 28 名慢性下背痛患者与 28 名年龄、性别、BMI 相匹配的健康对照（患者影像学均无明显椎间盘退化），发现患者肠道菌群多样性显著降低，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）与脱硫杆菌门（Desulfobacterota）升高，益菌 Parabacteroides 大幅耗损且与疼痛程度相关。研究提出「肠-椎间盘轴」假说：肠道屏障受损→细菌代谢物与内毒素入血→全身低度炎症→椎间盘区域炎症与痛觉敏感化。这为「MRI 无异常却持续疼痛」提供了一种解释，也提示在常规影像与治疗效果有限时，可把菌群剖析纳入评估并考虑饮食与益生菌等辅助策略。

ENA 2026 study compared 28 patients with chronic low back pain — none with significant disc degeneration on imaging — against 28 healthy controls matched for age, sex and BMI. Patients showed significantly lower gut microbial diversity, elevated Proteobacteria and Desulfobacterota, and a marked depletion of the beneficial genus Parabacteroides that correlated with pain severity. The authors propose a 'gut-disc axis': impaired gut barrier → bacterial metabolites and endotoxin entering circulation → systemic low-grade inflammation → inflammation and nociceptor sensitisation around the disc. This offers an explanation for persistent pain despite normal MRI, and suggests gut profiling plus dietary and probiotic support may be worth considering when imaging and conventional treatment plateau.

中功能医学领域广泛引用的「氧-菌群失调」综述于 2026 年 9 月更新，加入肠道氧化还原平衡、真菌定植抵抗、应激与肌酸等方面的最新研究。核心论点：健康结肠是低氧环境，绝大多数菌群为专性厌氧菌；当宿主结肠上皮细胞的能量代谢出问题导致氧气渗漏入肠腔，生态即向兼性厌氧的变形菌门倾斜、产丁酸菌减少、炎症上升。作者强调，许多功能医学实践者试图用强效抗菌剂改变菌群却忽略宿主，而若功能失调始于宿主，干预就应落在宿主——这为慢性肠道症状提供了不同于「杀菌思路」的路径。

ENA widely cited functional-medicine synthesis on the oxygen–dysbiosis connection was updated in September 2026 with new research on gut redox balance, fungal colonisation resistance, stress and creatine. Its core argument: a healthy colon is a low-oxygen environment dominated by obligate anaerobes; when host colonic epithelial energy metabolism falters and oxygen leaks into the lumen, the ecosystem tips toward facultative anaerobes such as Proteobacteria, butyrate producers fall and inflammation rises. The author stresses that many practitioners try to shift the microbiome with potent antimicrobials while ignoring the host — but if dysfunction begins with the host, that is where intervention belongs, offering a route distinct from the 'kill the bugs' approach.

中加州大学伯克利分校 Danica Chen 团队 9 月 2 日发表于《Nature》：对 20 月龄（约相当于人类 60 岁）雌性小鼠每日注射司美格鲁肽，中位寿命达 834 天，较对照组 742 天延长约 12%（约 100 天）。用药 3 个月后肌力、协调性、平衡、耐力与认知功能改善，基因组不稳定、炎症、细胞衰老、线粒体功能障碍、蛋白稳态失衡等多项衰老标志物水平下降。与 24% 热量限制组相比，两组寿命获益相近，但司美格鲁肽组在探索行为、空间记忆与糖耐量上更优，且日间能耗未下降，提示部分机制独立于热量限制。研究者强调小鼠结果不能直接外推人类，并提示需关注肌肉量流失风险。

ENPublished in Nature on 2 September by Danica Chen's team at UC Berkeley: 20-month-old female mice (roughly equivalent to a 60-year-old human) given daily semaglutide reached a median lifespan of 834 days versus 742 days in controls — about 12% longer, or roughly 100 extra days. After three months, treated mice showed better muscle strength, coordination, balance, endurance and cognition, with reductions in multiple hallmarks of ageing including genomic instability, inflammation, cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of proteostasis. Compared with a 24% calorie-restricted group, lifespan gains were similar, but semaglutide did better on exploratory behaviour, spatial memory and glucose tolerance and did not lower daytime energy expenditure — suggesting effects partly independent of caloric restriction. The authors stress mouse findings do not translate directly to humans and flag the risk of muscle loss.

中上海交通大学医学院联合山东中医药大学药学院等机构在《npj Aging》发表研究（9 月 11 日，衰老领域先驱 James Kirkland 为共同作者）：从天然药物库中筛选出丹参主要活性成分丹酚酸（A、B、E）具选择性清除衰老细胞的能力。机制上，丹酚酸通过增强衰老细胞内活性氧并直接靶向抗氧化酶 GSTP1，破坏衰老细胞的「抗氧化护盾」，同时触发凋亡与铁死亡两条死亡通路，并抑制 SASP 释放。在 24—27 月龄（约合人类 75—90 岁）老年小鼠中，间歇性给药使中位剩余寿命延长 51.4%、总寿命延长 10.9%、死亡风险降低 68.4%，运动能力、肌肉力量与认知功能改善，且未增加晚年疾病负担。该研究尚属细胞与动物证据，无人体 RCT。

ENPublished in npj Aging (11 September) by Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine with Shandong Medical and Pharmacological University and others — with senescence pioneer James L. Kirkland as a co-author: screening a natural-compound library identified salvianolic acids A, B and E from Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) as selective killers of senescent cells. Mechanistically they boost reactive oxygen species in senescent cells and directly target the antioxidant enzyme GSTP1, dismantling the cells' antioxidant shield and triggering both apoptosis and ferroptosis, while suppressing the SASP. In 24–27-month-old mice (roughly 75–90 human years), intermittent dosing extended median remaining lifespan by 51.4%, total lifespan by 10.9% and cut mortality risk by 68.4%, improving mobility, grip strength and cognition without adding late-life disease burden. Evidence remains cellular and animal; there is no human RCT.

中美国路易斯安那州立大学 Pennington 生物医学研究中心在《Cell Metabolism》九月刊发表观点文章（DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2026.08.005），提出蛋白质限制的延寿效应来自一个由大脑协调的、全身性的适应性反应，而非孤立的细胞通路。研究团队发现激素 FGF21 作用于大脑，是蛋白质限制在寿命、代谢与食物偏好上产生效果的必要条件；果蝇中也存在肠道信号向大脑传递营养状态、同时影响食物偏好与寿命的类似机制。作者建议把 FGF21 反应性、代谢变化、蛋白与必需氨基酸食欲的变化作为该适应程序是否被激活的可测生物标志物，从而解释个体在性别、遗传、年龄与代谢健康上的反应差异。

ENA perspective in the September issue of Cell Metabolism (DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2026.08.005) from LSU's Pennington Biomedical Research Center argues that protein restriction's lifespan benefit arises from a brain-coordinated, body-wide adaptive response rather than isolated cellular pathways. The team found the hormone FGF21 acts in the brain and is required for protein restriction's effects on lifespan, metabolism and food preferences; similar mechanisms exist in fruit flies, where gut-derived signals communicate nutritional status to the brain and influence both food preference and longevity. The authors propose FGF21 responsiveness, metabolic shifts and changes in protein and essential-amino-acid appetite as measurable biomarkers of how well this program has been engaged — potentially explaining variation by sex, genetics, age and metabolic health.

中西达赛奈医疗中心团队 9 月 10 日发表于《Cell Metabolism》：免疫检查点蛋白 PD-L2 在衰老细胞中上调，帮助其逃避免疫清除、随年龄在组织中累积。人体细胞中 PD-L2 随衰老诱导而升高，循环可溶性 PD-L2（sPD-L2）在老年与肥胖人群中升高，且经衰老细胞清除剂治疗后会下降，提示其可作为衰老细胞负荷的血液标志物。小鼠中敲除或抗体阻断 PD-L2 可减少衰老细胞数量与炎症因子，改善胰岛素敏感性与握力，且未引发明显的自身免疫炎症或组织损伤——研究者认为这比直接使用 senolytics 更具选择性。资深作者 James Kirkland 强调，仍需人体试验验证安全性与获益。

ENPublished in Cell Metabolism on 10 September by Cedars-Sinai investigators: the immune checkpoint protein PD-L2 is upregulated in senescent cells, helping them evade immune clearance and accumulate with age. In human cells PD-L2 rises with senescence induction, and circulating soluble PD-L2 (sPD-L2) is elevated in older and obese individuals and falls after senolytic treatment — suggesting it could serve as a blood marker of senescent-cell burden. In mice, genetic deletion or antibody blockade of PD-L2 reduced senescent-cell numbers and inflammatory factors and improved insulin sensitivity and grip strength, without substantial autoimmune inflammation or tissue damage — which the authors view as more selective than senolytics alone. Senior author James Kirkland stresses human trials are still needed to confirm safety and benefit.

中9 月 9 日，华大营养推出「益人益方」个性化营养素，把「一人一方」从概念推向可落地产品：用户一次抽血完成全基因组检测（覆盖 30 亿碱基对、1100 项基因解读）与代谢组检测（99 项血液深度指标），系统将个人数据与「双基线模型」比对——第一条基线来自 129 位中国百岁老人的基因组、代谢组、蛋白质组、单细胞转录组及临床影像多组学数据，定义「理想长寿状态」的分子图谱；第二条基线基于 10,000+ 健康人群队列并整合五大国际数据库循证分析，描绘「同龄人健康坐标」——再由 AI 算法计算差距并输出定制营养素配方，以柔性生产实现。此举标志着精准营养从肠道微生态延伸至系统性营养干预。

ENOn 9 September BGI Nutrition launched 'Yiren Yifang' personalized nutrients, moving 'one person, one formula' from concept to product: a single blood draw yields whole-genome testing (3 billion base pairs, 1,100 gene interpretations) plus metabolomics (99 deep blood markers), then the system compares individual data against a dual-baseline model. The first baseline comes from multi-omics data — genome, metabolome, proteome, single-cell transcriptome, plus imaging, ultrasound and ECG — of 129 Chinese centenarians, defining a molecular map of 'ideal longevity'. The second draws on a 10,000+ healthy-person cohort integrated with evidence from five major international databases, describing an 'age-peer health coordinate'. AI then computes the gaps and outputs a custom formula, produced flexibly. It marks precision nutrition extending from gut ecology to systemic nutritional intervention.

中北卡罗来纳大学医学院团队提出，特定膳食分子（草酸盐）可能不只是炎症性肠病（IBD）的旁观者，而是肠道炎症的主动驱动因子：研究同时关注宿主草酸盐转运体表达与菌群，发现 IBD 患者常缺乏分解草酸盐的 Oxalobacter formigenes，形成「转运障碍 + 菌群缺乏」的双重打击。通讯作者 Shehzad Sheikh 强调，这绝不意味着要大众化地停吃蔬菜，而是提示对遗传易感者，「标准健康饮食」可能需要调整——这正是从「一刀切膳食建议」走向「理解特定分子如何与个体遗传与微生物谱互作」的精准营养模型。研究团队提醒，目前尚未据此给出临床膳食指南，下一步需更大规模、更长周期的纵向研究。

ENResearchers at UNC School of Medicine propose that a specific dietary molecule — oxalate — may not be a mere bystander in inflammatory bowel disease but an active driver of gut inflammation: the work examined host oxalate transporter expression alongside the microbiome and found IBD patients often lack the oxalate-degrading bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes, creating a 'double hit' of impaired transport plus missing microbial partners. Corresponding author Shehzad Sheikh stresses this is emphatically not a call to broadly eliminate vegetables, but that for genetically susceptible people the 'standard healthy diet' may need adjusting — exactly the shift from one-size-fits-all dietary advice toward a model that understands how specific molecules interact with an individual's genetic and microbial profile. The team cautions no clinical dietary guidelines follow yet, and larger, longer longitudinal studies are next.

中美国精准健康公司 Viome 与日本食品企业 Ezaki Glico 合作，在日本推出首个基于肠道菌 mRNA 分析的个性化健康服务「mRNA Health Tracker」。与传统菌群检测只看「有哪些菌」不同，该系统通过 mRNA 测序判断菌群「正在做什么」，输出 26 项个性化健康评分与食物建议，并配有 Glico 顾问的一对一咨询，指导适配个人生物学特征的食物、餐食与补充剂。Glico 计划到 2030 年触达 5 万客户。Viome 表示，随着用户测试、执行建议、复测的数据累积，其 AI 模型精度会持续提升——这也是菌群检测从「菌种名录」转向「功能活性 + 闭环复测」的商业化样本。

ENU.S. precision-health company Viome has partnered with Japanese food company Ezaki Glico to launch Japan's first personalized health service built on gut-bacteria mRNA analysis, the 'mRNA Health Tracker'. Unlike conventional microbiome tests that only show which bacteria are present, the system uses mRNA sequencing to reveal what the bacteria are actively doing, producing 26 personalized health scores and food recommendations, supported by one-to-one Glico advisor consultations that steer customers toward foods, meal sets and supplements matched to their biology. Glico aims to reach 50,000 customers by 2030. Viome says its AI models keep improving as users test, act, and retest — a commercial template for the shift from a 'species list' to functional activity plus a closed retest loop.

中《Nutrients》18 卷 18 期发表叙述性综述，系统梳理食物如何调节内源性 GLP-1 分泌。GLP-1 由肠道 L 细胞释放，是调控血糖与食欲的核心肠促胰素。综述汇总 2001—2026 年证据指出：发酵乳制品、泡菜、开菲尔、菊芋、菊苣根、燕麦、大蒜、洋葱、浆果、葡萄、绿茶、姜黄与油性鱼等，可通过激活 L 细胞上的 FFAR2、FFAR3、GPR119、TGR5、FFAR4 等受体，以及菌群发酵产生短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸信号与生物活性肽，支持内源肠促胰素调节。作者强调，完整食物基质的调菌效果优于分离营养素，并提示结合菌群特征、代谢表型与个体餐后反应，可发展个性化的肥胖与 2 型糖尿病预防饮食策略——同时也指出，膳食调节 GLP-1 的生理幅度远小于药物激活受体。

ENA narrative review in Nutrients 18(18) maps how foods modulate endogenous GLP-1 secretion. GLP-1, released by intestinal L-cells, is the primary incretin hormone governing glucose regulation and appetite. Synthesising evidence from 2001–2026, the review finds that fermented dairy, kimchi, kefir, Jerusalem artichoke, chicory root, oats, garlic, onions, berries, grapes, green tea, turmeric and oily fish can support endogenous incretin regulation by activating L-cell receptors including FFAR2, FFAR3, GPR119, TGR5 and FFAR4, and via microbial fermentation producing short-chain fatty acids, bile-acid signalling and bioactive peptides. The authors stress whole-food matrices shape metabolite profiles better than isolated nutrients, and that combining microbiome characteristics, metabolic phenotype and individual postprandial response could enable personalized prevention diets for obesity and type 2 diabetes — while noting dietary GLP-1 modulation is far smaller in magnitude than pharmacological receptor activation.

中非瑟酮（fisetin）长期只有细胞与动物证据，2026 年两项来自同一项 12 周随机对照试验的论文开始填补人体证据空白。试验在肥胖久坐男性中设四组：非瑟酮 200mg/日、间歇抗阻-有氧训练、两者联合、安慰剂。发表于《Nutrients》的论文追踪脂肪因子与脂质相关标志物，联合组变化最大，asprosin 与 MCP-1 显著下降、血脂指标改善，单用非瑟酮亦有较小变化；发表于《JISSN》的论文分析 Maresin-1（促炎症消退介质）与 IL-6、TNF-α、空腹血糖、胰岛素、HOMA-IR，发现 Maresin-1 的组×时间交互显著但仅出现在两个训练组，提示该消退通路需运动刺激才能激活；IL-6 在训练组与单用非瑟酮组均下降，联合组改善面最广。作者提醒非瑟酮并非肥胖或代谢病治疗手段，联合运动时效果最一致的机制仍待专门设计的研究验证。

ENFisetin had long rested on cell and animal work; two 2026 papers from a single 12-week randomised controlled trial begin to fill the human gap. Sedentary men with obesity were randomised to fisetin 200 mg/day, interval resistance-aerobic training, both, or placebo. The paper in Nutrients tracked adipokines and lipid markers: changes were largest in the combined arm, with meaningful reductions in asprosin and MCP-1 and improved lipids, while fisetin alone also moved several markers but generally less. The paper in JISSN examined Maresin-1, a pro-resolving mediator, alongside IL-6, TNF-α, fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR: the group-by-time interaction for Maresin-1 was significant but the rise was confined to the two training arms, suggesting this resolution pathway needs an exercise stimulus; IL-6 fell in both training groups and the fisetin-alone group, and the combined arm showed the broadest improvements. The authors caution fisetin is not a treatment for obesity or metabolic disease and that whether it amplifies training benefits remains to be tested directly.

中亚精胺（spermidine）是天然多胺，随年龄血中水平下降，与自噬能力减弱与免疫衰老相关。2026 年发表于《Aging Cell》的试点随机对照试验发现，亚精胺补充可降低健康老年人免疫细胞的衰老标志物，并改善其疫苗应答——老年人通常因免疫衰老而疫苗反应较弱，而自噬受损被认为是原因之一。另有 2026 年《PLoS One》刊出的 REPROGRAM 试验方案，正以多臂设计检验亚精胺等老年保护化合物能否提升老年人对手术、感染等生理应激的抵抗力。同时，《Frontiers in Aging》与《Cell Stress》2026 年论文提示亚精胺同时作用于炎症调控、线粒体功能与应激反应，并通过抑制铁死亡参与保护。作者强调：试点研究样本小，尚未有大型 RCT 证实人类寿命延长，诚实的现状是「有前景但仍属早期」；膳食来源以小麦胚芽、纳豆、熟成硬质奶酪、干香菇与豆制品最丰富。

ENSpermidine is a natural polyamine whose blood levels decline with age, tracking reduced autophagy and immunosenescence. A 2026 pilot randomised controlled trial in Aging Cell found that spermidine supplementation reduced markers of immune cell senescence in healthy older adults and improved their vaccine responses — older adults typically mount weaker responses because of immunosenescence, with impaired autophagy thought to be one cause. A separate 2026 PLoS One protocol paper describes the REPROGRAM trial, a multi-arm study testing geroprotective compounds including spermidine for resilience to physiological stressors such as surgery and infection. 2026 papers in Frontiers in Aging and Cell Stress suggest spermidine acts on inflammation regulation, mitochondrial function and stress responses simultaneously, and contributes to protection partly by inhibiting ferroptosis. The authors stress the pilot was small and no large RCT has confirmed human lifespan extension — the honest status is 'promising but preliminary'. Richest dietary sources are wheat germ, natto, aged hard cheeses, dried mushrooms and soy products.

中尿石素 A（urolithin A）由肠道菌代谢石榴、核桃与浆果中的鞣花单宁产生，核心价值在于恢复随年龄下降的线粒体自噬。2026 年发表于《Experimental & Molecular Medicine》的研究确认，尿石素 A 通过 AMPK-mTOR 能量感知轴激活线粒体自噬，并在心衰模型中对心脏重构产生下游影响——属机制证据，来自疾病模型而非健康老龄人群。相较多数长寿成分，尿石素 A 确有早期人体试验：口服可激活线粒体自噬，并在老年人中改善肌肉耐力与线粒体生物标志物，但样本量小、周期短。其心脏健康与阿尔茨海默病获益目前主要停留在实验室与动物数据。作者提示生物利用度是关键——只有约 40% 的人能从食物中高效产生尿石素 A，补充可绕过这一瓶颈，但「安全」不等于「被证明能延缓衰老」。

ENUrolithin A is produced by gut bacteria from ellagitannins in pomegranates, walnuts and berries, and its core value lies in restoring age-related decline in mitophagy. A 2026 study in Experimental & Molecular Medicine confirmed that urolithin A activates mitophagy via the AMPK-mTOR energy-sensing axis, with downstream effects on cardiac remodeling in a heart failure model — mechanistic evidence from a disease model rather than healthy ageing adults. Unlike most longevity compounds, urolithin A does have early human trials: oral intake activates mitophagy and improved muscle endurance and mitochondrial biomarkers in older adults, though sample sizes were small and durations short. Benefits for heart health and Alzheimer's disease remain largely preclinical. The author notes bioavailability is key — only about 40% of people produce urolithin A efficiently from food, so supplementation bypasses that bottleneck, but 'safe' is not the same as 'proven to slow ageing'.

中一份 2026 年长寿补剂循证评级把「机制、药代动力学与临床终点是否指向同一方向」作为核心标准，并对剂量窗口提出警示：亚精胺多数市售胶囊仅 1—2mg，而有效区间似为 3—5mg（奥地利 12 个月 RCT 使用的小麦胚芽提取物为 3.3mg/日，改善主观认知下降人群记忆表现）；非瑟酮的衰老细胞清除机制似呈剂量依赖与脉冲式，建议按月脉冲而非每日服用。尿石素 A 以 500mg/日改善中线成人线粒体基因表达与肌肉耐力，且仅约 40% 人群能高效从食物转化。麦角硫因拥有专属转运体 OCTN1，新加坡队列显示血浆水平较高者 10 年认知下降风险低约 30%。水解胶原肽（I、II 型，5—10g/日）在 26 项 RCT 的荟萃分析中改善骨关节炎疼痛与皮肤弹性。评级的潜台词是：这一品类里「机制说得通」与「人体结局可测」同时成立的成分仍然罕见。

ENA 2026 evidence-based ranking of longevity supplements uses as its core criterion whether mechanism, pharmacokinetics and clinical endpoints all point the same way, and flags dose windows: most spermidine capsules deliver only 1–2 mg when the effective range appears to be 3–5 mg (the Austrian 12-month RCT used 3.3 mg/day of wheat-germ extract, improving memory in people with subjective cognitive decline); fisetin's senolytic mechanism appears dose-dependent and pulsatile, favouring a monthly pulse rather than daily dosing. Urolithin A improved mitochondrial gene expression and muscle endurance in middle-aged adults at 500 mg/day, and only about 40% of people convert it efficiently from food. Ergothioneine has its own dedicated transporter OCTN1, and a Singapore cohort linked higher plasma levels to roughly 30% lower risk of cognitive decline over 10 years. Hydrolysed collagen peptides (types I and II, 5–10 g/day) reduced osteoarthritis pain and improved skin elasticity in a meta-analysis of 26 RCTs. The underlying message: ingredients where both plausible mechanism and measurable human outcomes hold remain rare in this category.

中波士顿大学 Chobanian & Avedisian 医学院团队在《Diabetes Care》发表研究，分析弗雷明汉心脏研究中约 1,300 名无糖尿病、无心血管疾病参与者的连续血糖监测（CGM）数据，检验平均血糖、血糖变异性与高血糖时段等特征与心血管代谢健康标志物的关系。结果显示：平均血糖越高、血糖超过 140mg/dL 的时间占比越高，与高血压或胆固醇异常风险越高相关。研究者指出，空腹血糖与 HbA1c 只是静态快照，无法反映代谢损害的动态与异质性；而 CGM 有助于刻画个体在血糖谱系上的表型，识别早期或间歇性糖代谢异常及其下游心血管代谢风险。该发现有望影响未来无糖尿病人群的心血管风险分层方式，但仍需更多研究验证。

ENA team at Boston University's Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, publishing in Diabetes Care, analysed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data from roughly 1,300 Framingham Heart Study participants without diabetes or cardiovascular disease, examining features such as average glucose, glucose variability and time spent above threshold against markers of cardiometabolic health. Higher average glucose and a higher percentage of time above 140 mg/dL were related to greater risk of hypertension or abnormal cholesterol. The researchers note that fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c are static snapshots that fail to capture the dynamic, heterogeneous nature of metabolic impairment, whereas CGM can phenotype individuals across the blood sugar continuum and reveal early or intermittent dysglycemia and its downstream cardiometabolic risks. The finding could inform future cardiovascular risk stratification in people without diabetes, though more studies are needed.

中中央网信办等七部门联合印发《促进数字化绿色化协同转型发展实施方案（2026—2030年）》，明确「扩大人工智能终端、智能可穿戴等产品供给，支持绿色智能商品消费」，将智能可穿戴设备纳入国家消费战略布局；此前「十五五」规划纲要亦提出有序推动数智技术在辅助诊疗、精准医疗、健康管理、医保服务、养老助残等场景应用。市场侧，中国智能可穿戴健康设备市场规模 2024 年为 615 亿元，2025 年约 707 亿元，预计 2026 年突破 826 亿元；全球可穿戴医疗设备市场 2025 年已达 540 亿美元。值得注意的是用户结构变化：可穿戴医疗设备用户中健康人群占比已达 40%，动态血糖监测 2025 年国内销售额 15.4 亿元、同比增速 45.8%，是传统指尖血糖仪整体增速的 4 倍以上。

ENSeven Chinese ministries, led by the Cyberspace Administration of China, jointly issued the Implementation Plan for Promoting Coordinated Digital and Green Transformation (2026–2030), explicitly calling to expand supply of AI terminals and smart wearables and support green smart consumption — placing wearable devices within the national consumption strategy. The earlier 15th Five-Year Plan outline likewise called for orderly deployment of digital and intelligent technology in assisted diagnosis, precision medicine, health management, medical insurance services and elderly/disability care. On the market side, China's smart wearable health device market reached RMB 61.5 billion in 2024, about RMB 70.7 billion in 2025, and is expected to exceed RMB 82.6 billion in 2026; the global wearable medical device market hit USD 54 billion in 2025. Notably, healthy users now make up 40% of wearable medical device users, and China's CGM sales reached RMB 1.54 billion in 2025, up 45.8% year on year — more than four times the growth of the overall traditional fingerstick glucose meter market.

中AI 原生初级保健公司 Counsel Health 宣布加入美国医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心（CMS）创新中心的 ACCESS 模型「早期心-肾-代谢（eCKM）」轨道：自 2027 年初起，将面向符合条件的 Medicare 受益人，就高血压、肥胖、高脂血症和/或糖尿病前期，零自付提供 AI 原生慢病管理，覆盖美国几乎所有州。Counsel 与智能戒指厂商 Oura 合作，对同意共享数据的患者，把 Oura App 的连续生理指标洞察接入其医疗 AI 与在诊医生，实现「从健康洞察到医生主导行动」。数据显示，90% 以上 65 岁以上成人患有至少一种慢性病，三分之二以上 Medicare 受益人同时管理多种慢病，而数字健康创新此前并未同等地触达这一人群。Counsel 与 Oura 自 5 月合作以来，见诊会员对就诊体验评分 4.6/5。

ENCounsel Health, an AI-native primary care company, announced participation in the early cardio-kidney-metabolic (eCKM) track of the CMS Innovation Center's ACCESS Model. From early 2027 it will deliver AI-native chronic care for hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidaemia and/or prediabetes at no out-of-pocket cost to eligible Medicare beneficiaries across nearly all U.S. states. Counsel is partnering with smart-ring maker Oura: for patients who consent to share data, biometric insights from the Oura App feed into Counsel's medical AI and on-demand board-certified physicians, moving members 'from health insights to physician-led action'. More than 90% of adults aged 65+ live with a chronic condition and over two-thirds of Medicare beneficiaries manage multiple chronic diseases, yet many digital health advances have not reached this population at comparable scale. Since their May partnership, members who saw a physician rated their care experience 4.6 out of 5.

中由中国香港大学工程学院与李嘉诚医学院、浙江大学、广州医科大学组成的跨学科团队研发出新一代连续血糖监测（CGM）系统 OECT-CGM。该设备仅硬币大小，核心是「有机电化学晶体管」（OECT）——一种生化信号放大器，可将信噪比显著提升至超越传统电化学传感器，从而提供准确可靠的血糖读数。为减少传统 CGM 需针头皮下插入带来的不适，系统采用微针阵列进行皮下葡萄糖采样，并以黏弹性扩散水凝胶稳定皮肤与设备界面。团队表示，OECT 使集成设备达到创纪录的灵敏度；在大鼠实验中，其性能已与市售 CGM 相当。这代表可穿戴健康技术在「无痛取样 + 高信号质量」方向上的一次实质性推进。

ENAn interdisciplinary team spanning HKU's Faculty of Engineering and LKS Faculty of Medicine, Zhejiang University and Guangzhou Medical University has developed a next-generation continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system, OECT-CGM. Coin-sized, its core is an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) — a biochemical signal amplifier that markedly improves signal-to-noise ratio beyond conventional electrochemical sensors, enabling accurate and reliable glucose readings. To address the discomfort of existing CGMs that require a needle under the skin, the system uses a microneedle array for subcutaneous glucose sampling and a viscoelastic, diffusive hydrogel to stabilise the skin–device interface. The team reports that the OECTs achieve record-high sensitivity in the integrated device, and that performance in rodent tests is comparable to commercially available CGMs — a substantive step toward painless sampling with high signal quality in wearable health technology.