全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中天津医科大学吴旭东、孙朝冉团队的研究揭示：肠道菌群代谢物丁酸的抗炎作用，必须依赖宿主巨噬细胞中组蛋白变体 H2A.Z 这一「表观遗传刹车」——灌胃丁酸或定植产丁酸的丁酸梭菌可显著缓解小鼠结肠炎，但在 H2A.Z 条件性敲除小鼠中保护效应全部消失。研究还在炎症性肠病（IBD）全基因组关联数据中锁定 GAS41、TIP60 两个风险位点：携带风险等位者这两种蛋白在单核细胞中表达降低，相当于「刹车片」先天磨损；IBD 患者肠组织中两者表达显著低于健康人，且与疾病活动度及抗 TNF 生物制剂应答不良相关。这为「宿主遗传设定警戒阈值、菌群代谢物维持阈值」的疾病框架提供了证据，也提示基于检查点状态的个性化微生物干预方向。

ENWork from Tianjin Medical University (Wu Xudong and Sun Chaoran's teams) shows that the anti-inflammatory effect of the microbial metabolite butyrate depends on an intact host 'epigenetic brake' — the histone variant H2A.Z in macrophages. Oral butyrate or colonization with butyrate-producing C. butyricum significantly eased colitis in mice, but all protection vanished in H2A.Z conditional knockout animals. Mining inflammatory bowel disease genome-wide data, the team pinned two risk loci near GAS41 and TIP60: risk alleles lower their expression in monocytes ('worn brakes'), and IBD patients show lower expression in gut tissue, tied to disease activity and poor anti-TNF response. The study supports a framework where host genetics sets the threshold and microbial metabolites maintain it — pointing toward checkpoint-informed, personalized microbiome interventions.

中发表于《Nature Communications》、覆盖 1199 名 20—72 岁成人的研究发现：与实际年龄相比，肠道菌群差异与炎症水平、心肺适能和代谢健康等多项健康指标的关联更紧密。其中被称为「B2 肠型」（Bacteroides 2）的菌群模式尤为不利——携带者菌群多样性更低、炎症更高、心肺与代谢指标更差，且在青年期就出现通常见于老年群体的「炎症衰老样表型」：同样的炎症水平，其他菌群组要到约 37 年后才出现。随访最长 9 年显示 B2 与更多健康问题相关、而多样性更高的菌群与更低炎症和疾病风险相关。作者强调这是观察性研究、不能推断因果，但指出「菌群构成原则上可改变」——水果、蔬菜、全谷物与发酵食物仍是可操作的杠杆。

ENA Nature Communications study of 1,199 adults aged 20–72 found that differences in gut bacteria tracked more closely with inflammation, cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic health than chronological age did. One pattern, the 'B2' enterotype (Bacteroides 2), stood out as unfavorable: lower diversity, more inflammation, poorer heart-lung and metabolic measures — and an 'inflammaging-like phenotype already in early adulthood', with inflammation levels other groups only reached about 37 years later. Up to nine years of records linked B2 to more health problems, while higher diversity tracked with less inflammation and disease. The authors stress this is observational and cannot prove causality, but note gut composition is 'in principle modifiable' — fruit, vegetables, whole grains and fermented foods remain the practical levers.

中北京大学第三医院举办人体微生态精准诊疗与菌剂研发北京市重点实验室启动会，80余位专家与会。会议确立“机制解析—精准诊断—原创制剂—验证转化”研究主线，覆盖精准诊断、菌剂研发、菌群移植与中药调菌等方向，标志着肠道菌群研究正从“发现关联”走向“精准诊疗”。

ENPeking University Third Hospital hosted the launch of a Beijing key laboratory for precision human microecology diagnosis, therapy and microbial agent development, drawing more than 80 experts including academician Chen Wei. The lab sets a research line of mechanism analysis, precision diagnosis, novel microbial agents and translational validation, marking the shift of microbiome research from association findings toward precision diagnosis and intervention.

中美国抗衰老医学科学院（A4M）将于9月24日至27日在纳什维尔举办“Accelerated Microbiome Insights”临床课程，围绕内毒素/LPS与神经炎症、非纤维益生元、肠-甲状腺轴、中年女性脑健康及菌群驱动的心代谢疾病等议题，为功能医学与整合医学从业者提供菌群评估与干预的实操框架。

ENThe American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) will hold its Accelerated Microbiome Insights clinical course in Nashville on September 24-27, covering endotoxin/LPS-driven neuroinflammation, non-fiber prebiotics, the gut-thyroid axis, midlife female brain health and microbiome-driven cardiometabolic disease — equipping functional and integrative medicine clinicians with practical frameworks for microbiome assessment and intervention.

中ScienceDaily 9月18日重点报道：下丘脑Menin蛋白随龄下降可能与驱动全身衰老相关，在小鼠中与炎症、认知衰退、骨量下降和皮肤变薄有关。向20月龄小鼠下丘脑重新导入Menin 30天后，皮肤、骨骼、认知与平衡能力改善并延长寿命；补充D-丝氨酸则可改善认知但不逆转骨骼皮肤变化。

ENScienceDaily highlights research showing that age-related decline of the hypothalamic protein Menin may help drive systemic aging, being linked in mice to inflammation, cognitive decline, bone loss and thinner skin. Re-delivering Menin to the hypothalamus of 20-month-old mice improved skin, bone, cognition and balance within 30 days and extended lifespan, while D-serine supplementation improved cognition without reversing physical aging signs.

中NutraIngredients 行业报道称，微生物组初创企业正把业务重心从消化健康扩展到长寿与健康寿命领域，通过工程菌株、后生元与衰老相关生物标志物把菌群科学转化为抗衰产品管线，菌群干预正在成为长寿经济中的新兴支柱赛道。

ENAn industry report by NutraIngredients notes that microbiome startups are expanding beyond digestive health into longevity and healthspan, converting microbiome science into anti-aging product pipelines through engineered strains, postbiotics and aging-related biomarkers — positioning microbiome intervention as an emerging pillar of the longevity economy.

中NutraIngredients 汇总近期健康寿命与寿命相关补剂科学进展，覆盖细胞健康成分的多成分组合趋势、衰老生物标志物在干预评估中的应用，以及从细胞机制向日常健康寿命产品转化的证据要求，为长寿营养品研发与选品提供循证参考。

ENNutraIngredients rounds up recent healthspan and lifespan supplement science, covering the multi-ingredient stack trend in cellular-health products, the use of aging biomarkers to evaluate interventions, and the evidence standards required to translate cellular mechanisms into everyday healthspan products — a reference point for longevity nutrition R&D and product selection.

中在第七届时光派国际长寿论坛上，时光派联合弗若斯特沙利文发布中英双语《2026全球长寿诊所医学干预分级及落地指南》。其“营养干预”章节指出，长寿营养正从“原料质量”转向“完整产品质量”，完整产品证据成为竞争重点，并以海洋精粹油（SPMs+纯EPA）等循证实践为典型案例。

ENAt the 7th Timeshop International Longevity Forum, Timeshop and Frost & Sullivan released the bilingual 2026 Global Longevity Clinic Medical Intervention Grading and Implementation Guide. Its nutrition intervention chapter highlights a shift from raw-material quality to whole-product quality, with complete product evidence as the new competitive focus, citing evidence-based practices such as marine lipid oils combining SPMs and pure EPA.

中一项发表于《Nature Communications》、借助鼻肠管对活体人小肠分段采样的研究，首次实时观察人类消化过程中的代谢与微生物动态：研究者配制热量与营养配比完全相同、仅「细胞结构完整性」不同的餐食——破碎细胞（BC）餐与保留完整细胞壁的单细胞/细胞簇（SC/CC）餐。结果显示：BC 餐的淀粉在十二指肠迅速释放、葡萄糖峰值高 3—4 倍，与更强的促胰岛素分泌激素 GIP 相关；完整细胞餐则带来更持久的 GLP-1 与 PYY 释放（与饱腹感和食欲调控相关），且餐后回肠菌群快速重组——口腔来源细菌占比可从空腹约 10% 升至 50%，其丰度变化与短链脂肪酸、氨基酸代谢物及 PYY 分泌显著关联。同等热量下仅改变食物微观结构，就足以改变激素应答与代谢轨迹，为「全食物优于精加工」补上微观机制证据。

ENIn a Nature Communications study using naso-intestinal sampling to observe the living human small intestine in real time, researchers fed meals identical in calories and macros but differing only in cellular structure — disrupted-cell (BC) versus intact-cell (SC/CC) versions. Starch in the BC meal flooded the duodenum, with glucose peaks 3–4 times higher and a stronger insulinotropic GIP response; intact-cell meals produced more sustained GLP-1 and PYY release (satiety and appetite regulation) and triggered rapid ileal microbiome reorganization, with mouth-derived bacteria rising from about 10% fasting to as much as 50% post-meal, their abundance tracking short-chain fatty acids, amino-acid metabolites and PYY secretion. At equal calories, changing only the food's microstructure was enough to alter hormonal responses and metabolic trajectories — mechanistic support for 'whole foods over ultra-processed'.

中ScienceDaily 报道，日本黑米和绿米品种含有不寻常且可能有益的脂质成分，并且可能比普通白米消化得更慢。这一“有色米”组合被视为功能性食品设计中颇具前景的原料方向，为以谷物为基础的血糖友好型主食开发提供了新思路。

ENScienceDaily reports that black and green Japanese rice varieties contain unusual, potentially beneficial fats and may be digested more slowly than ordinary white rice. This combination positions pigmented rice as a promising ingredient for functional food design, offering new ideas for grain-based, blood-sugar-friendly staple foods.

中新研究显示，膳食蛋白质来源会显著影响血浆晚期糖基化终末产物（AGEs）水平——AGEs与衰老、慢性炎症及代谢疾病密切相关。研究提示，在蛋白质摄入量相同的情况下，选择不同蛋白来源可能带来不同的 AGEs 负荷，为精准营养中的蛋白质来源优化提供了依据。

ENNew research shows that the source of dietary protein significantly affects plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are closely linked to aging, chronic inflammation and metabolic disease. With protein intake held constant, different protein sources appear to impose different AGE burdens — supporting protein-source optimization as a lever in precision nutrition.

中ScienceDaily 报道，一种源自泡菜的细菌在类肠道环境下能够结合纳米塑料；在小鼠实验中，该益生菌使粪便中检出的纳米塑料量增加一倍以上，提示发酵食品中的微生物或可帮助人体排出纳米塑料，为食品源微塑料暴露的膳食干预提供了全新思路。

ENScienceDaily reports that a kimchi-derived bacterium can bind nanoplastics under gut-like conditions. In mice, the probiotic more than doubled the amount of nanoplastics detected in feces, suggesting that microbes from fermented foods may help the body eliminate nanoplastics — a novel dietary intervention angle against foodborne microplastic exposure.

中澳大利亚药品管理局（TGA）宣布不再允许穿心莲用于新注册的列表药品，这一常见免疫支持类草药成分面临监管收紧。对出口澳洲的补剂品牌而言，含穿心莲配方的新品上市路径受阻，存量产品的标签与合规审查也将趋严。

ENAustralia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) has announced that Andrographis paniculata will no longer be permitted in newly listed medicines, tightening regulation of a common immune-support botanical. Supplement brands selling into Australia face blocked launch paths for new andrographis formulations and stricter label and compliance reviews for existing products.

中尽管行业已开展15年的反掺假行动，最新数据仍显示植物成分掺假事件呈上升趋势。报道称供应链压力、原料涨价与检测能力不均是主要驱动，凸显第三方身份鉴定、DNA条形码等溯源技术在补剂质量控制中的必要性。

ENDespite 15 years of industry anti-adulteration action, new data shows botanical ingredient adulteration incidents are still rising. Supply chain pressure, raw material price hikes and uneven testing capacity are cited as key drivers, underscoring the need for third-party identity testing and DNA barcoding in supplement quality control.

中新研究为β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸（HMB）在年龄相关肌肉流失（肌少症）管理中的角色提供支持，显示其在维持老年人群肌肉质量与功能方面的潜力，为面向老年营养和健康寿命市场的蛋白辅助成分组合再添证据。

ENNew research supports the role of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) in managing age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia), showing potential for preserving muscle mass and function in older adults and adding evidence for HMB in protein-companion ingredient stacks targeting the older-nutrition and healthspan market.

中Leatherhead Food Research（Sagentia）9 月 18 日梳理全球补剂监管趋势：日本在小林红曲事件后加速改革，消费者厅 2026 年 6 月发布中期报告，拟明确补剂定义并对片剂/胶囊/粉剂/液体制品强制 GMP，相关措施预计 2026 年末至 2027 年陆续落地；欧盟继续推进维生素与矿物质统一限量，多成员国将德国 BfR 的风险阈值视为参考模型，公众咨询预计 2026 年三季度启动、统一限量或于 2028 年前后采用；美国 FDA 正重新评估新膳食成分（NDI）的安全评估与通报路径。同期，行业组织 CRN 在公众意见期截止前致函 FDA，呼吁结束「膳食成分」分类混乱、重新审视对合成植物成分的窄化立场，并建议建立公开的三分类清单（DSHEA 前成分/已获批 NDI/豁免成分）。三大市场路径不同、方向一致：对成分安全、制造质量与功效实证的审查全面趋严。

ENA 18 September briefing from Leatherhead Food Research (Sagentia) maps tightening supplement regulation worldwide: after the Kobayashi red-yeast-rice incident, Japan's Consumer Affairs Agency proposed in June a clearer supplement definition and mandatory GMP for tablets, capsules, powders and liquids, with measures expected through late 2026–2027; the EU continues work on harmonised vitamin-and-mineral limits, with several member states viewing Germany's BfR thresholds as a model (public consultation expected Q3 2026, adoption around 2028); and the FDA is re-evaluating safety assessment and notification pathways for new dietary ingredients (NDIs). In parallel, the Council for Responsible Nutrition submitted comments before the docket closed, urging the FDA to end confusion over ingredient classifications, reconsider its narrow stance on synthetic botanical ingredients, and publish a public three-category list (pre-DSHEA / successful NDIs / exempt ingredients). Different paths, one direction: stricter scrutiny of ingredient safety, manufacturing quality and substantiation.

中新华财经观察指出，全球腕戴设备增速放缓，行业竞争已从硬件参数转向医疗级健康监测能力：SKG腕部心电血压记录仪、华为WATCH D2动态血压、OPPO全周期健康管理等头部产品纷纷对标医疗器械标准打磨传感与算法，AI分析将连续体征数据转化为风险预警，推动腕上设备从数据记录者进化为主动健康助手。

ENXinhua Finance Observer notes that as global wrist-worn device growth slows, competition has shifted from hardware specs to medical-grade health monitoring. Leading products such as SKG's wrist ECG-blood-pressure recorder, Huawei WATCH D2 ambulatory blood pressure and OPPO's full-cycle health management are built to medical device standards, with AI converting continuous vitals into risk alerts — turning wearables from data loggers into proactive health assistants.

中新研究综述发现，Ozempic等GLP-1药物虽显著改善血糖、体重与心血管健康，但几乎没有证据表明它们同样改善心理健康、就业、婚姻或整体幸福感。研究提示GLP-1类药物对生活质量的“外溢效应”可能远小于其生理获益，慢病管理仍需配套生活方式与心理支持。

ENNew research finds that while Ozempic and other GLP-1 drugs substantially improve blood sugar, weight and cardiovascular health, there is little evidence they also improve mental health, employment, marriage or overall well-being — suggesting the broader life effects of GLP-1s may be far subtler than their physical benefits, and chronic disease management still requires lifestyle and psychosocial support.

中英国行业专家在讨论中呼吁，食品与营养产业应跨越竞争壁垒联合行动，共同改善国民饮食健康，包括配方改良、负责任营销与公共卫生协作。文章认为，面对肥胖与慢病压力，行业协同将是“食品即健康”议程能否落地的关键。

ENUK industry experts have called on the food and nutrition sector to act collectively across competitive boundaries to improve national dietary health, including reformulation, responsible marketing and public-health collaboration. Facing obesity and chronic disease pressures, they argue, industry coordination will be decisive for whether the 'food as health' agenda delivers.

中9月14日国新办“开局起步‘十五五’”发布会上，国家卫健委主任雷海潮披露：我国居民日均盐摄入约9克、食用油41克，均远超推荐量；三级公立综合医院健康体重管理门诊设置率已超95%；居民健康素养为33.7%，十五五目标力争40%。他强调慢病防控要把健康掌握在自己手里，从以治病为中心转向以健康为中心。

ENAt the State Council's September 14 briefing on the 15th Five-Year Plan, NHC Minister Lei Haichao revealed that Chinese residents consume about 9 g of salt and 41 g of cooking oil daily, far above recommended levels; over 95% of tertiary public hospitals now run weight-management clinics; and national health literacy stands at 33.7% with a target of 40%. He stressed shifting from treatment-centered to health-centered care and empowering individuals in chronic disease prevention.