全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中热心肠日报第3740期报道，南京大学王婷婷/赵越团队在Cell Metabolism发表研究，揭示肠道菌群编码的酶可降解二甲双胍，导致部分患者降糖效果不佳，为药物-菌群互作与个体化用药提供新证据。

ENFeatured in China Gut Daily issue 3740, a Cell Metabolism study by Wang Tingting and Zhao Yue at Nanjing University reveals that a gut microbial enzyme can degrade metformin, explaining poor glucose-lowering response in some patients and informing drug-microbiome interactions.

中热心肠日报第3739期报道，Cell刊发研究锁定4种关键肠菌代谢物，可双向调控CAR-T细胞治疗效果，提示肠道菌群有望成为提升细胞免疫疗法疗效的可干预靶点。

ENChina Gut Daily issue 3739 covers a Cell study identifying four key gut microbial metabolites that bidirectionally modulate CAR-T therapy outcomes, suggesting the gut microbiome as a targetable lever to improve cellular immunotherapy.

中研究揭示肠道菌群经吲哚-AHR通路抑制树突状细胞加重脑卒中损伤；重症患者粪菌移植无菌小鼠后脑梗死更严重，色氨酸酶基因丰度与90天不良结局强关联，为卒中预防提供新靶点。

ENA Cell study shows gut bacteria worsen stroke injury via an indole-AHR pathway that suppresses dendritic cells; fecal microbiota from severe stroke patients enlarged infarcts in germ-free mice, and microbial tryptophanase abundance strongly predicted 90-day outcomes.

中新研究显示，含咖啡因与低因咖啡均与压力、抑郁和冲动性降低相关，并伴随可测量的肠道菌群活性改变，提示咖啡对情绪和脑功能的部分益处可能经由肠-脑轴介导。

ENA new study finds both caffeinated and decaf coffee are linked to lower stress, depression and impulsivity alongside measurable shifts in gut microbial activity, suggesting part of coffee's mood and brain benefits may be mediated by the gut-brain axis.

中哥本哈根大学团队发现，衰老肌肉线粒体心磷脂减少经ROS-ERRγ通路驱动快肌向慢肌转变；部分恢复心磷脂即可逆转小鼠肌肉萎缩并防止早亡，ERRγ为可成药核受体，具备干预转化潜力。

ENUniversity of Copenhagen researchers show that age-related loss of mitochondrial cardiolipin drives a fast-to-slow fiber switch in muscle via ROS and the nuclear receptor ERRγ; partially restoring cardiolipin reversed wasting in mice, highlighting a druggable target.

中西奈山团队整合284名0-97岁供者130余万细胞核数据，绘制背外侧前额叶单核转录组图谱：约24岁后细胞组成趋稳，60岁后胶质细胞免疫、应激与代谢程序转录变化重启，为脑衰老干预锁定时间窗。

ENMount Sinai researchers integrated over 1.3 million nuclei from 284 donors aged 0-97 to build a single-nucleus atlas of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, showing composition stabilizes around age 24 while glial immune, stress and metabolic programs reignite after 60.

中基于四大队列开发的EDISEA饮食指数显示：多摄入茶、全谷物和水果，少摄入油炸食品、酒、加工肉和含糖饮料，与GrimAge2加速差距缩小约4年、死亡风险降低约20%及糖尿病、心血管病等多种慢病风险下降相关。

ENThe EDISEA index, built from four major cohorts, links higher intake of tea, whole grains and fruit with lower intake of fried foods, alcohol, processed meat and sugary drinks to roughly 4 years less GrimAge2 acceleration, 20% lower mortality and reduced risks of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

中尿石素A（石榴、核桃与浆果经肠道菌代谢产生）在难以治疗的射血分数保留型心衰动物模型中，使心脏功能指标改善最高达80%，帮助僵硬心组织舒张，为线粒体自噬用于心衰干预提供新证据。

ENUrolithin A, a gut-microbial metabolite of pomegranates, walnuts and berries, improved heart function measures by up to 80% in animal models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, helping stiff cardiac tissue relax and supporting mitophagy-based interventions.

中华中农业大学张涛团队同日发表两项成果，系统梳理中链甘油三酯在阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中的代谢与应用进展，实验显示补充MCT可改善α-突触核蛋白线虫运动障碍，提示“换对脂肪”或成老龄营养干预新策略。

ENTwo same-day papers from Zhang Tao's team at Huazhong Agricultural University review the metabolism and applications of medium-chain triglycerides in neurodegenerative disease, showing MCT supplementation improved motor deficits in alpha-synuclein worms and reframing aging nutrition around fat quality.

中发表于Biomolecules的综述显示，桑叶与桑果制剂可改变肠道菌群组成并提升短链脂肪酸产量，与糖脂代谢改善相关；效果高度依赖品种、部位与加工方式，目前仍缺乏直接的人体研究证据。

ENA Biomolecules review finds mulberry leaf and fruit preparations can shift gut microbiota composition and boost short-chain fatty acid production, with associations to improved glucose and lipid metabolism, though effects depend strongly on species, plant part and processing, and human evidence is lacking.

中社交媒体流行的“fibermaxxing”快速增加膳食纤维摄入法引发专家警示：短期内大量加纤维可能带来腹胀胀气，肠道菌群需要逐步适应，循序渐进并保证水分才是可持续做法。

ENExperts caution that the social-media trend of rapidly boosting fiber intake can trigger bloating and gas because the gut microbiome needs time to adapt, recommending gradual increases with adequate fluid as the sustainable approach.

中新发表的随机对照试验显示，饮用富含矿物质的天然水可在短期内改善便秘等消化症状，但效果随时间趋于平缓，提示其在肠道健康管理中的定位仍需更大规模研究验证。

ENA new randomized controlled trial shows mineral-rich natural water improved constipation and digestive symptoms in the short term, though benefits leveled off over time, calling for larger studies to define its role in gut health management.

中64名45-65岁成人每日补充10克肌酸单水合物12周，未运动组仍增加约1.1公斤瘦体重并提升力量；联合运动与控卡饮食者减脂更明显，为中年肌健康与健康衰老支持提供实用证据。

ENIn a 12-week trial, 64 adults aged 45-65 taking 10 g creatine monohydrate daily gained about 1.1 kg of lean tissue and strength even without structured exercise, while combining creatine with training and calorie control cut body fat further, supporting midlife muscle health.

中美国加州正式签署一项限制性膳食补充剂法案，行业组织对法案的可执行性与合规成本表示失望与担忧，认为其或对补剂创新与市场准入产生深远影响，凸显州级监管趋严的新信号。

ENCalifornia has signed a restrictive dietary supplement bill into law; industry groups voiced disappointment over enforceability and compliance costs, warning of far-reaching effects on innovation and market access as state-level oversight tightens.

中新研究报道后生元在肠-脑轴方向的干预证据，显示其在缓解压力与调节脑活动方面具有潜力，无需活菌即可起效的特性也为情绪健康类补剂提供了更稳定的成分选择。

ENNew findings add to evidence that postbiotics may ease stress and modulate brain activity via the gut-brain axis, and their non-live format offers a stable ingredient option for mood-health supplement formulations.

中新研究测算显示，基于人群需求的靶向营养补充策略有望带来数十亿美元级的社会成本节省，为公共卫生政策将微量营养素干预纳入慢病预防体系提供了经济学论证。

ENNew economic modelling suggests targeted, needs-based supplementation strategies could deliver billions in societal savings, offering a health-economic case for embedding micronutrient interventions into chronic disease prevention policy.

中商务部数据显示中秋假期智能穿戴设备销售额同比增长1.2倍，手表、手环与智能戒指的健康功能持续加密，厂商正把硬件、App、算法与健康服务打包，争夺“数据-建议-服务”闭环入口。

ENMinistry of Commerce data show smart wearable sales rose 120% year on year during the Mid-Autumn holiday; vendors are bundling hardware, apps, algorithms and health services to own the data-to-guidance-to-service loop in consumer health management.

中陕西省启动新流行季流感疫苗接种，农村65岁以上老人与中小学生可免费接种三价流感疫苗；今年“四价转三价”系基于流行趋势的科学调整，专家建议60岁以上及慢病人群等在9-10月完成接种。

ENShaanxi has begun 2026-2027 flu season vaccination, offering free trivalent vaccine to rural seniors and students; the quadrivalent-to-trivalent switch reflects circulating strains, and experts urge adults over 60 and chronic disease patients to vaccinate by October.

中烟台市卫健委发布会上，疾控专家指出我国超半数成人超重或肥胖，现代版“贴秋膘”应适度补优质蛋白与蔬果全谷物而非囤热量，高血压、糖尿病患者进补应量力而行并监测体重腰围。

ENAt a Yantai health commission briefing, CDC experts noted over half of Chinese adults are overweight or obese and urged a modern take on autumn nourishment - adding quality protein, vegetables and whole grains rather than calories, with chronic disease patients monitoring weight and waistline.

中武汉市卫健委在政协提案答复中介绍，依托基本公卫、体重管理年等建立高血压糖尿病健康档案并季度监测，完成覆盖16区4000余人次的含糖食品消费专项调查，下一步推动“三减”纳入地方标准。

ENIn a proposal response, Wuhan's health commission described quarterly monitoring of hypertension and diabetes health records under basic public health programs, a sugary-food consumption survey covering over 4,000 residents across 16 districts, and plans to embed salt, sugar and oil reduction into local standards.