全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中新华社深圳10月7日电，深圳湾实验室与中山大学中山医学院合作研究10月7日在线发表于《自然》：肠道共生菌（如脆弱拟杆菌）可自发产生十五烷酸（C15:0），经HMGCR-SREBP2/LDLR通路抑制肝脏胆固醇合成并促进坏胆固醇清除；补充C15:0使动脉粥样硬化小鼠血脂改善、斑块减少，人群样本中血脂异常者该分子水平偏低，为高血脂与心血管代谢防治提供了菌群来源干预的新路径。

ENXinhua reported from Shenzhen that a Shenzhen Bay Laboratory and Sun Yat-sen University team, publishing online in Nature on Oct 7, showed gut commensal bacteria such as Bacteroides uniformis spontaneously produce pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), which suppresses hepatic cholesterol synthesis and promotes LDL clearance via the HMGCR-SREBP2/LDLR axis; C15:0 supplementation improved blood lipids and reduced plaque burden in atherosclerotic mice, and dyslipidemic people showed lower levels, pointing to a microbiome-derived route for cardiometabolic prevention.

中麦克马斯特大学团队发表于《胃肠病学》的研究显示，肠道炎症会破坏负责降解麸质与乳蛋白的特定菌群，使炎症性肠病患者即便处于缓解期也对新触发食物产生免疫反应；104名缓解期患者中约85%自报食物不耐受，远高于健康对照的33%。结肠炎模型中回补缺失菌株可逆转食物特异性免疫反应，为基于菌群的诊断与治疗指路，也提示个体化营养需考虑菌群对食物成分的加工能力。

ENA McMaster University team reports in Gastroenterology that intestinal inflammation disrupts gut bacteria that break down gluten and dairy proteins, explaining why people with inflammatory bowel disease in remission react to once-tolerated foods; about 85 percent of 104 patients reported food intolerances versus 33 percent of controls, and replenishing depleted bacteria reversed food-specific immune reactions in colitis models, informing microbiome-based diagnosis and personalized nutrition.

中热心肠日报10月7日收录：中国医学科学院放射医学研究所樊赛军、路璐团队发表于International Journal of Biological Sciences的研究显示，口服牛磺酸将受照雄鼠生存率从50%提升至91.7%、雌鼠从66.7%升至100%；雄鼠经乳杆菌-精氨酸/脯氨酸代谢轴促黏膜修复，雌鼠依赖雌激素-AICDA-IgA免疫轴；牛磺酸不干扰放疗杀瘤，支持性别分层的放射防护策略。

ENAs covered by Mr-Gut Daily on Oct 7, a Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences team showed in the International Journal of Biological Sciences that oral taurine raised survival of irradiated male mice from 50 to 91.7 percent and females from 66.7 to 100 percent; males were protected through a Ligilactobacillus-arginine/proline metabolic axis while females depended on an estrogen-AICDA-IgA mucosal immune axis abolished by ovariectomy, and taurine did not compromise radiotherapy, supporting sex-stratified radioprotection.

中热心肠日报10月7日解读新研究：借助潘氏细胞特异性剔除小鼠发现，稳态下清除潘氏细胞后隐窝结构、肠道干细胞数量与WNT3表达均完好，提示其功能可被代偿网络覆盖；但致死性辐照后，潘氏细胞作为EGF的首要来源不可替代，补充重组EGF即可完全挽救肠道损伤。而在异基因骨髓移植GVHD模型中，潘氏细胞缺失并未加重病情，颠覆了潘氏细胞丢失驱动GVHD肠道损伤的传统认知。

ENMr-Gut Daily on Oct 7 covered a study using Paneth-cell-deficient mice: under homeostasis, crypt architecture, stem cell pools and WNT3 expression remained intact without Paneth cells, but after lethal irradiation their role as the dominant EGF source became irreplaceable and recombinant EGF fully rescued gut injury; in allogeneic bone marrow transplant models of GVHD, Paneth cell loss did not worsen disease, overturning a long-held assumption.

中10月7日报道，MRC医学科学实验室、帝国理工学院与科隆大学团队在Aging Cell发表研究：用化合物991直接激活细胞能量传感器AMPK，使裂殖酵母、线虫与果蝇寿命延长、部分实验超25%，且在AMPK功能缺失时效应消失，首次证明直接靶向AMPK可带来长寿获益；处理三周的小鼠肝脏出现促长寿蛋白组模式并抑制mTOR通路。作者提醒过度激活反而缩短寿命，距离人类抗衰应用仍很遥远。

ENReported on Oct 7: a team from the MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London and the University of Cologne showed in Aging Cell that directly activating the cellular energy sensor AMPK with compound 991 extended lifespan in fission yeast, nematode worms and fruit flies, by more than 25 percent in some experiments, with the effect vanishing when AMPK was disabled; three-week treatment of mice induced a pro-longevity proteomic profile with mTOR suppression. The authors caution that excess activation shortened life and human translation remains distant.

中NutraIngredients 10月7日报道，一项新研究发现老年人血液中NAD+水平越低，衰弱程度越重，两者呈显著关联。NAD+是细胞能量代谢与DNA修复的关键辅酶，随年龄增长而下降；该结果把NAD+从抗衰营销话题拉回可测量的临床指标层面，提示全血NAD+水平未来或可用于老年衰弱风险分层，也可作为NAD+前体干预试验的响应标志物，但因果关系与临床获益仍需前瞻性研究验证。

ENNutraIngredients reported on Oct 7 that a new study links lower blood NAD+ levels to greater frailty severity in older adults. NAD+, a key coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism and DNA repair that declines with age, may thus serve as a measurable clinical marker for frailty risk stratification and as a response biomarker in NAD+-precursor intervention trials, although causality and clinical benefit still require prospective validation.

中Live Science 10月7日发表深度报道：衰老细胞（俗称僵尸细胞）随年龄在组织中累积并释放促炎因子，而负责清除它们的巨噬细胞功能同步衰退。7月发表于《科学》的小鼠研究发现，老年巨噬细胞EP2受体增多、吞噬衰老细胞能力下降，敲除EP2或阻断其信号可恢复清除功能，改善认知、肌力、心功能与全身炎症；研究者认为焕新免疫系统或比直接杀伤衰老细胞更安全，有望成为senolytics之外的新路径。

ENA Live Science feature published on Oct 7 explains how senescent zombie cells accumulate with age while the macrophages that clear them slow down; a July Science study in mice found aged macrophages overexpress the EP2 receptor, impairing engulfment of senescent cells, and blocking EP2 restored clearance and improved cognition, muscle strength, cardiac function and systemic inflammation, suggesting immune rejuvenation may offer a safer complement to senolytics.

中腾讯新闻10月8日发布科普：科学家对约194岁的圣赫勒拿巨龟乔纳森（已知最长寿陆生动物）口腔刮取组织进行基因组与表观基因组分析，鉴定出287个涉及DNA修复、炎症调控、胰岛素信号、端粒维持与肿瘤抑制的独特基因变体；尽管年事极高，其线粒体能量代谢与基因修复相关调控区域的甲基化状态仍异常有序、与年轻巨龟相近，为跨物种衰老与长寿机制研究提供了罕见参照样本。

ENChinese media detailed on Oct 8 the genomic and epigenomic analysis of Jonathan, the roughly 194-year-old Seychelles giant tortoise and the oldest known land animal: researchers identified 287 unique gene variants tied to DNA repair, inflammation control, insulin signaling, telomere maintenance and tumor suppression, and found methylation in regulatory regions linked to mitochondrial energy production and gene repair remained strikingly orderly, resembling much younger tortoises — a rare reference for cross-species aging research.

中科学网10月7日报道，广州医科大学边英杰课题组10月6日发表于《细胞》的研究揭示肿瘤与T细胞之间的维生素B2竞争：肿瘤优先经SLC52A2掠夺VB2，令依赖SLC52A3摄取VB2的T细胞陷入缺乏，线粒体呼吸与谷胱甘肽再生受损、触发铁死亡并削弱抗肿瘤免疫；敲除肿瘤SLC52A2或补充VB2可增强CAR-T疗效，肿瘤SLC52A2高表达与患者生存期差相关，而膳食VB2摄入与癌症风险降低相关。

ENSciencenet reported on Oct 7 that a Cell paper from Guangzhou Medical University describes competition for vitamin B2 between tumors and T cells: tumors hijack VB2 via SLC52A2, starving T cells that rely on SLC52A3, which impairs mitochondrial respiration and glutathione regeneration, triggering ferroptosis; deleting tumor SLC52A2 or supplementing VB2 boosted CAR-T efficacy, high tumor SLC52A2 expression correlated with worse survival, and higher dietary VB2 intake was associated with lower cancer risk.

中腾讯新闻10月7日解读路易斯安那州立大学彭宁顿生物医学研究中心发表于《细胞·代谢》的框架文章：限制蛋白质摄入无需削减总热量即可改善多个衰老标志，关键调度中心是大脑——肝源性激素FGF21直接作用于脑，协调低蛋白环境的全身适应，缺失该信号则代谢改善与寿命延长等益处无法展现；文章提出以蛋白食欲、血糖调节与能量消耗等可测量变化作为适应程序激活的标志物，为个性化低蛋白膳食干预提供依据。

ENChinese media on Oct 7 covered a Cell Metabolism framework article from LSU Pennington Biomedical Research Center: protein restriction improves multiple hallmarks of aging without cutting total calories because the brain acts as the central coordinator, with liver-derived FGF21 signaling required for the metabolic and longevity benefits; the authors propose measurable readouts such as protein appetite, glycemic regulation and energy expenditure as biomarkers of program activation, informing personalized low-protein interventions.

中生物通10月7日编译一项小鼠研究：12周5:2间歇性禁食显著改善高脂饮食诱导的代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病，并同步防止骨骼肌损伤——握力与肌纤维横截面积增加、炎症基因下调，肠道紧密连接增强、血清LPS降低；宏基因组显示罗伊氏乳杆菌等有益菌富集、次级胆汁酸合成通路上调，肠、肝、肌组织胆汁酸受体表达同步升高。研究为兼顾肝脏脂肪变性与肌肉质量的非药物饮食干预提供了新证据。

ENEbiotrade summarized on Oct 7 a mouse study in which 12 weeks of 5:2 intermittent fasting improved high-fat-diet-induced MASLD while protecting skeletal muscle: grip strength and fiber cross-sectional area rose, inflammatory genes fell, gut tight junctions strengthened with lower serum LPS, and metagenomics showed enrichment of Limosilactobacillus reuteri with upregulated secondary bile acid synthesis and bile acid receptor signaling across gut, liver and muscle — evidence for a dietary intervention that addresses liver fat and muscle quality together.

中NutraIngredients 10月7日报道，台湾订阅制营养品牌VITABOX观察到，运动营养正被消费者当作日常营养使用：蛋白与肌酸等品类不再只属于健身人群，而是融入上班族与女性消费者的日常能量与恢复管理。品牌以小包装、多品类组合与订阅模式降低尝试门槛，并依据活动量与生活场景做个性化搭配，反映出运动营养与精准营养加速融合、从专业渠道走向大众日常的亚洲市场趋势。

ENNutraIngredients reported on Oct 7 that Taiwanese subscription nutrition brand VITABOX is seeing sports nutrition become everyday nutrition: protein and creatine products are now used by office workers and women for daily energy and recovery rather than by gym-goers alone, with small-pack formats, bundles and subscriptions lowering the entry barrier and personalization by activity level, reflecting the convergence of sports and precision nutrition across Asian markets.

中NutraIngredients 10月7日报道，美国FDA就软糖类膳食补充剂公开发声。软糖是增长最快、最受消费者欢迎的剂型之一，但其基质存在成分稳定性、含量均一与标签准确性等固有难题，业界普遍关注FDA将如何在现有膳食补充剂框架内界定软糖的合规要求；叠加软糖剂型消费疲劳与功能性食品、脂质体等精准递送技术的兴起，厂商的剂型策略正面临重新洗牌。

ENNutraIngredients reported on Oct 7 that the US FDA is weighing in on gummy dietary supplements, one of the fastest-growing and most popular formats. Gummy matrices pose persistent challenges around ingredient stability, content uniformity and label accuracy, and the industry awaits clarity on how existing supplement rules apply; combined with gummy fatigue and the rise of functional foods and precision delivery systems, manufacturers may need to rethink format strategies.

中NutraIngredients 10月6日报道，印度营养品牌Pure Nutrition正式进军长寿补剂领域，推出以漆黄素、α-酮戊二酸（AKG）等衰老生物学热门分子为核心的产品线，瞄准国内快速增长的健康长寿消费群体。印度补剂市场正从基础维生素向长寿与细胞健康品类升级，本土品牌依托成本与渠道优势切入，与全球长寿补剂赛道老牌玩家同场竞技，循证数据与剂量透明度或成竞争分水岭。

ENNutraIngredients reported on Oct 6 that Indian brand Pure Nutrition has entered the longevity supplement field with a line built around popular aging-biology actives such as fisetin and alpha-ketoglutarate, targeting the country's fast-growing healthy-longevity consumer base; as India's supplement market shifts from basic vitamins toward longevity and cellular health, evidence standards and dosing transparency may decide which players endure.

中Nutritional Outlook 10月6日刊发评论，探讨补剂行业长期产品责任的应有之义：负责任的创新不止于推出新原料，还要追问昨天的配方是否仍符合今天的最佳科学。文章提出企业应在出现新安全性证据时重审存量配方、及时更新剂量与警示标识、以透明沟通退役过时宣称，认为覆盖产品全生命周期的自我管理，是行业赢得消费者与监管信任、区别于营销驱动竞争的根基。

ENNutritional Outlook published a commentary on Oct 6 arguing that long-term product stewardship means asking whether yesterday's formulations still reflect today's best science: companies should re-examine legacy products when new safety evidence emerges, update doses and warning labels, and retire outdated claims transparently, framing whole-lifecycle management as the foundation for consumer and regulatory trust.

中NutraIngredients 10月7日报道，日本雪印Megmilk Snow Brand设立新业务部门，整合益生菌与功能性原料的销售与开发，以B2B方式向食品与补剂厂商供应菌株和成分。在肠道健康需求全球升温、日本益生菌研发积累深厚的背景下，公司希望把消费品牌之外的菌株资产货币化，并借海外扩张对冲国内人口萎缩；菌株特异性循证数据与功能声称能力将成为原料业务竞争的关键。

ENNutraIngredients reported on Oct 7 that Japan's Megmilk Snow Brand has set up a new business unit to drive probiotic and ingredient sales, supplying strains and functional ingredients to food and supplement makers on a B2B basis; leveraging Japan's deep probiotic research base and rising global gut-health demand, the company aims to monetize strain assets beyond its consumer brands and offset domestic population decline, with strain-specific evidence as a key differentiator.

中央视新闻10月8日发布寒露节气健康指南，恰逢全国高血压日：寒露是全年降温最快、昼夜温差最大的节气之一，建议早睡早起顺应阳气收敛，太极拳、八段锦、散步等温和运动循序渐进，常按足三里健脾胃；头颈、腰腹、关节与足部四部位重点保暖，阳虚体质、老人、孕产妇及高血压、冠心病等慢病患者不宜秋冻；气温下降易致血压波动，调整用药切勿自行判断。

ENCCTV News published a Cold Dew solar-term health guide on Oct 8, coinciding with China's National Hypertension Day: experts advise earlier sleep, gradual gentle exercise such as tai chi and Baduanjin, pressing the Zusanli acupoint, and protecting the head, neck, abdomen, joints and feet from cold; frail groups and patients with hypertension or heart disease should not practice autumn chill, and blood pressure medication should never be adjusted without medical advice as falling temperatures cause fluctuations.

中腾讯新闻10月8日汇总睡眠研究：2026年9月《自然》子刊npj Aging基于中国健康与养老追踪调查1.8万余名中老年人、中位近9年随访的研究显示，睡眠时长与衰弱风险呈U型曲线，约7.1小时风险最低，不足7小时与超过9小时均明显升高；另有多项研究提示7小时左右全身器官衰老最慢、胰岛素敏感性最佳。专家提醒睡眠规律性与质量同样重要，无需为凑满8小时焦虑。

ENChinese media highlighted on Oct 8 a study in npj Aging based on over 18,000 middle-aged and older Chinese adults from CHARLS followed for a median of nearly nine years: sleep duration showed a U-shaped association with frailty risk, with the lowest risk at about 7.1 hours, while short and long sleep raised risk; other studies point to around seven hours as optimal for organ aging and insulin sensitivity, and experts stress regularity and quality matter as much as duration.

中HealthDay 10月7日报道，麻省总医院布莱根团队发表于《预防慢性病》的观察研究：68名参与食物即药物项目的成年人平均两年半内领取97箱植物基食物包，内含一周三餐量的新鲜果蔬、豆类罐头、坚果酱与全谷物；每多领100箱，舒张压平均下降3.2毫米汞柱、体重减轻近2.7公斤、BMI下降1点，高血压患者收缩压亦改善。研究者主张足量足期的食物干预应成为慢病管理标配，前瞻对照试验将进一步验证。

ENHealthDay reported on Oct 7 that a Mass General Brigham observational study in Preventing Chronic Disease followed 68 adults in a Food Is Medicine program who received an average of 97 plant-based grocery boxes — a week of meals in fresh produce, canned beans, nut butter and whole grains — over about 2.5 years; every 100 boxes was associated with a 3.2-point drop in diastolic blood pressure, nearly 6 pounds of weight loss and a one-point BMI decline, supporting long-duration produce interventions.

中今日头条10月8日报道，42岁女子在美容院购买号称排毒焕肤的高端灌肠套餐，灌肠时肠管被捅破、肠内容物漏入腹腔引发弥漫性腹膜炎，送入ICU抢救后脱险。浙江省立同德医院肛肠外科专家提醒：灌肠是对液体温度、用量与压力有严格要求并需医护评估的医疗操作，频繁灌肠会破坏肠道菌群与自身排便反射；健康人无需灌肠排毒，切勿在非医疗机构进行。

ENChinese media reported on Oct 8 that a 42-year-old woman suffered bowel perforation and diffuse peritonitis after a high-end colonic detox package at a beauty salon and spent time in intensive care. Colorectal surgeons stress that enemas are medical procedures with strict requirements for fluid temperature, volume and pressure, that frequent enemas damage the gut microbiota and the natural defecation reflex, and that healthy people do not need colon cleansing for detox.