全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中中山大学中山医学院与深圳湾实验室联合团队10月7日发表于《自然》：肠道共生菌产生的十五酸（C15:0）经血液循环作用于肝脏，抑制胆固醇合成关键酶HMGCR；小鼠模型中补充十五酸改善血脂、减少动脉斑块，血脂异常人群该分子水平显著更低，为“肠-肝轴”降脂干预提供全新靶点。

ENA joint team from Sun Yat-sen University and Shenzhen Bay Laboratory reported in Nature on Oct 7 that pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) produced by gut commensal bacteria reaches the liver via circulation and inhibits HMGCR; in mice it improved lipids and reduced arterial plaques, while dyslipidemic people showed lower levels, opening a new gut-liver axis target.

中MIT团队发表于《自然》的小鼠研究显示：生酮饮食使易癌变小鼠小肠肿瘤发生率升高，机制并非酮体，而是脂肪酸氧化激活PPAR、促使肠干细胞加速分裂；同一饮食却抑制结肠肿瘤。作者提醒，同一饮食对相邻组织的效应可截然相反，不宜笼统外推其健康效应。

ENAn MIT study in Nature showed that in cancer-prone mice a ketogenic diet raised small-intestinal tumor rates via fatty-acid oxidation activating PPARs and speeding stem-cell division — not ketones — while suppressing colon tumors, warning that the same diet can have opposite effects in neighboring tissues.

中《Scientific Reports》发表NAMS随机对照试验二次分析：复发缓解型多发性硬化患者接受生酮饮食9个月后，肠道菌群功能谱发生独特改变，碳水化合物代谢模块富集并与更低T2病灶体积共现，同时伴随色氨酸-吲哚代谢物变化，提示沿肠-脑轴的系统级联动，值得进一步验证与机制研究。

ENA secondary analysis of the NAMS randomized trial in Scientific Reports found that 9 months of a ketogenic diet in relapsing-remitting MS produced distinct gut microbial functional profiles, with enriched carbohydrate-metabolism modules co-occurring with lower T2 lesion volumes and tryptophan-indole metabolite changes along the gut-brain axis.

中Holobiome与Radicle Science宣布启动美国史上最大心理健康干预试验GUT-FEELINGS：ARPA-H资助、为期两年，随机安慰剂对照平行评估19种食物源益生元配方对焦虑及情绪、睡眠等指标的改善，采集超2.4万份粪便样本与1.2万份血样，为精准营养干预情绪健康产出高质量证据。

ENHolobiome and Radicle Science launched GUT-FEELINGS, the largest mental-wellness intervention trial in US history: an ARPA-H-funded, two-year randomized placebo-controlled program testing 19 food-derived prebiotic formulas for anxiety-related outcomes, collecting 24,000+ stool samples to build evidence for precision nutrition in mental health.

中《自然·代谢》发表阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心双盲随机对照试验：31例纤维化MASH患者经21周间歇性达沙替尼+槲皮素治疗（3周用药+4周停药，循环3次），47%实现肝纤维化至少改善1期（安慰剂组7%），53%实现MASH缓解，单核测序显示衰老与纤维化信号下降，是首个在人体证实清除衰老细胞可改善肝纤维化的对照研究。

ENA phase 2 double-blind randomized trial from Amsterdam UMC in Nature Metabolism found that 21 weeks of intermittent dasatinib plus quercetin in 31 patients with fibrotic MASH led to fibrosis improvement in 47% versus 7% on placebo and MASH resolution in 53%, with lower senescence and fibrosis signatures on single-nucleus sequencing.

中MRC医学科学实验室与帝国理工学院团队在《Aging Cell》报告：化合物991直接激活AMPK后，裂殖酵母、线虫与果蝇寿命延长，且在AMPK功能缺失时效应消失，支持机制成立；小鼠短期给药呈现促ATP生成、线粒体生物发生与mTOR抑制的肝脏蛋白组变化。作者提醒这仍是临床前证据，勿据此服用补剂。

ENResearchers from the MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences and Imperial College reported in Aging Cell that compound 991, which directly activates AMPK, extended lifespan in fission yeast, C. elegans and Drosophila, with the effect lost when AMPK was disabled; mice showed pro-longevity liver proteomic changes, though the authors cautioned against supplement use.

中据新华日报健康报道，在浓缩全球抗衰老研究坐标的“长寿医学十大进展”榜单中，以“气络学说精气神理论”为指导、以八子补肾胶囊为代表的中医药抗衰老研究入选，成为唯一以整体医学理论为内核的成果，标志着“从整体调节衰老”的系统视角正进入国际长寿研究的主流视野。

ENAccording to Xinhua Daily Health, the TCM anti-aging research program guided by qi-luo holistic theory and represented by the Bazi Bushen capsule has been named among the top 10 advances in longevity medicine, the only entry grounded in holistic medicine, signaling growing attention to systems-level aging interventions.

中NutraIngredients报道新研究显示，老年人血液NAD+水平越低，衰弱表型越明显，将NAD+代谢与老年医学核心结局“衰弱”直接挂钩。该发现为NAD+前体补剂在健康老龄化中的应用添上人群层面观察证据，但研究属关联性结果，尚不能证明补充NAD+前体可逆转或延缓衰弱。

ENNutraIngredients reports that new research links lower blood NAD+ levels to more pronounced frailty phenotypes in older adults, tying NAD+ metabolism to a core geriatric outcome; the observational finding adds population-level evidence for NAD+ precursor interest but does not prove supplementation reverses frailty.

中河南省人民医院团队在《Frontiers in Microbiology》发表84天开放标签头对头试验：新诊断2型糖尿病合并肥胖者中，高纤维饮食组第84天HbA1c（6.3%对6.7%）与BMI（28.4对30.2）均优于二甲双胍单药组，血糖变异性与体脂更低；宏基因组显示28天内双歧杆菌、乳杆菌富集并伴随菌群功能重塑。

ENAn 84-day open-label head-to-head trial from Henan Provincial People's Hospital in Frontiers in Microbiology found that in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with obesity, a high-fiber diet achieved lower HbA1c (6.3% vs 6.7%) and BMI (28.4 vs 30.2) than metformin monotherapy, with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus enrichment within 28 days on metagenomics.

中中国农业大学联合团队10月6日公布的随机双盲对照试验显示，动物双歧杆菌乳亚种BL-99可显著缩短老年人全肠道转运时间，效果与肠道菌群重塑相关，尤其与表达胆盐水解酶的菌种受到抑制有关，提示“特定菌株精准干预”而非泛泛补充，或成改善老年肠道动力迟缓的可行路径。

ENA randomized double-blind controlled trial announced on Oct 6 by China Agricultural University and partners found that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-99 significantly shortened whole-gut transit time in older adults, linked to microbiota remodeling including suppression of bile salt hydrolase-expressing species, pointing to strain-specific precision strategies.

中《抖音银发市场线上消费与广告投放报告》显示50岁以上网民达3.76亿，滋补保健品跌出消费偏好前四；银发健康消费并非收缩而是升级——中老年用户从“买一瓶补剂”转向“买一套方案”，基于多维体感评估与AI生成个性化营养包的服务快速起量，印证精准营养在银发市场的商业化拐点。

ENA Douyin silver-economy report shows 376 million netizens over 50, with traditional supplements falling out of the top consumption preferences while health spending upgrades from buying bottles of pills to personalized assessment-based nutrition plans, marking a commercialization inflection for precision nutrition among older Chinese consumers.

中NutraIngredients专访台湾健康餐品牌VITABOX：运动营养正从竞技人群的小众品类扩展为日常营养，消费者希望按活动量、健康目标与生活场景获得个性化的蛋白质与微量营养配比。该趋势预示精准营养正从“补剂形态”向“日常膳食形态”延伸，为亚太市场提供可借鉴的落地样本。

ENIn a NutraIngredients interview, Taiwan's healthy-meal brand VITABOX described how sports nutrition is expanding from a niche athletic category into everyday nutrition, with consumers seeking personalized protein and micronutrient ratios by activity level and goals, extending precision nutrition from supplements into daily meals.

中NutraIngredients梳理FDA对软糖类膳食补充剂的新表态：软糖剂型因口感与糖果接近、易被儿童误食，且剂量标注（每粒与每份）、成分稳定性等问题突出。监管机构正推动更清晰的标签与生产规范，软糖剂型的合规化将直接影响全球营养补剂的产品设计与出口策略。

ENNutraIngredients examines the FDA's latest position on gummy dietary supplements, highlighting risks of children mistaking them for candy plus dosing-label and stability concerns, as regulators push clearer labeling and manufacturing standards that will shape product design and export strategies worldwide.

中ScienceDaily刊文介绍《Nutrition Reviews》荟萃分析（萨里大学、约翰英纳斯中心等）：汇总20项随机对照试验发现，服用维生素D2者体内25-羟基维生素D3水平显著降低约9–18 nmol/L。D2并非无效，但D3在提升并维持维生素D状态上更具优势，研究者建议多数人可优先选择D3（含地衣来源素食D3）。

ENScienceDaily highlights a Nutrition Reviews meta-analysis from the University of Surrey and partners covering 20 randomized trials: vitamin D2 supplementation was associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels about 9-18 nmol/L lower, suggesting D3 may be preferable for most people, including plant-based lichen-derived options.

中NutraIngredients报道，日本Kaneka宣布将持续投资泛醇（还原型辅酶Q10）产能与线粒体健康研究，因全球对细胞能量、抗疲劳与健康老龄化的需求持续增长。泛醇较氧化型辅酶Q10生物利用度更高，正成为线粒体营养干预的核心原料，反映长寿补剂市场从成分竞赛转向机制深耕。

ENNutraIngredients reports that Japan's Kaneka will continue investing in ubiquinol (reduced CoQ10) capacity and mitochondrial-health research as global demand for cellular energy and healthy aging grows, reflecting the longevity supplement market's shift from ingredient hype toward mechanism-focused formulation.

中欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）发布下一阶段科学优先事项，将新技术食品评估、营养与健康声称的科学审评以及人工智能辅助风险评估列为核心方向。对营养补剂行业而言，这意味着欧盟市场的健康声称审批、新型成分准入与数据要求将进一步量化与透明化，出海企业需提前布局合规证据链。

ENThe European Food Safety Authority has set out its scientific priorities, centering on novel-food assessment, health-claim evaluation and AI-assisted risk assessment, signaling more quantitative and transparent requirements for supplement health claims and novel ingredients in the EU market.

中山西省政府印发《“十五五”国民健康规划》，提出到2030年主要健康指标全面达标：人均预期寿命80岁、居民健康素养40%、每万人全科医生5名；部署健康体重管理行动、合理膳食与国民营养计划，实施四大慢病“防筛诊治康管”六位一体综合防治，推动卫生健康工作重心转向“以健康为中心”。

ENShanxi province has issued its 15th Five-Year national health plan, targeting comprehensive attainment of major health indicators by 2030, including 80-year life expectancy, 40% health literacy, weight-management and dietary actions, and integrated prevention-screening-treatment-rehabilitation-management for four major chronic diseases.

中10月10日“全国高血压日”，广州白云区围绕“管好血压、控好糖脂”开展主题宣传：截至8月底全区已为13.48万名高血压患者提供规范化健康管理，规范管理率88.9%，登记高危人群54.38万；现场同步提供肺功能、骨质疏松、眼底筛查与营养咨询，并结合“体重管理年”倡导“三减三健”。

ENOn National Hypertension Day, Guangzhou's Baiyun district reported standardized health management for 134,800 hypertension patients with an 88.9% management rate and 543,800 registered high-risk residents, alongside community screenings and nutrition counseling aligned with the national weight-management campaign.

中河北医科大学第三医院报告内镜下胃转流支架置入术应用进展：经口腔置入支架建立十二指肠-空肠分流通道，延迟糖脂吸收；临床数据显示约80%患者置入3个月时体重下降10%，对2型糖尿病等代谢异常也有改善。支架约3个月可经胃镜取出，为药物与外科减重手术之间提供微创、可逆的体重管理新选项。

ENThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University detailed its endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve program, reporting about 80% of patients losing 10% of body weight at three months with metabolic improvements, and removable sleeves offering a minimally invasive, reversible weight-management option between drugs and surgery.

中10月6日报道：西北大学、威尔康奈尔与梅奥等顶级医疗机构相继开设年费约5500美元的自费长寿诊所，提供生物年龄评估、DEXA、动脉硬化与认知等半天检查套餐。批评者指出，生物年龄检测本身缺乏能降低死亡率的临床试验证据；专家提醒，规律运动、睡眠与饮食等基础干预仍是性价比最高的“长寿处方”。

ENNorthwestern, Weill Cornell and Mayo Clinic have opened cash-pay longevity clinics charging about $5,500 a year for half-day biological-age workups; critics note no clinical-trial evidence that such assessments reduce mortality, while experts stress that basics like exercise, diet and sleep remain the best-value longevity prescription.