全球健康与长寿每日简报Global Health & Longevity Daily Briefing

中最新综述提出，动脉粥样硬化中存在「血管老化三联体」：细胞衰老、炎性衰老与表观遗传重塑三者形成自我放大的恶性循环，加速内皮屏障失效并使斑块不稳定。作者主张现代预防心脏病学应超越单纯的脂质管理，直接针对血管壁的生物学时钟，并探索衰老细胞清除剂等年龄特异性干预与生物标志物。

ENThe latest review proposes a 'vascular aging triad' in atherosclerosis: cellular senescence, inflammaging and epigenetic remodeling form a self-amplifying vicious cycle that accelerates endothelial barrier failure and plaque destabilization. The authors argue modern preventive cardiology should go beyond lipid management to directly target the biological clock of the vessel wall, exploring senolytics and age-specific biomarkers.

中发表于《Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs》的美国「酒精摄入与健康研究」汇总7200余篇文献并建模：每周饮14杯酒者死于酒精相关原因的终身风险约1/25，每周7杯内多数风险仅小幅上升。研究未在任何饮酒水平观察到整体健康保护效应，为美国膳食指南补充量化阈值。

ENThe Alcohol Intake and Health Study, published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, synthesized over 7,200 publications and modeled that people averaging 14 drinks weekly face about a 1 in 25 lifetime risk of dying from alcohol-related causes, while up to 7 drinks weekly raises most risks only modestly. No significant overall health benefit was observed at any drinking level.

中韩国国民健康保险服务等机构基于1170万名40岁以上人群数据，开发出「心血管疾病住院风险生物年龄（CDPBA）」，以未来10年心血管住院风险反推生理年龄。其对全因死亡率预测优于传统方法，男性AUROC达0.849、女性0.871，为衰老量化评估提供了新型心血管维度工具。

ENKorean National Health Insurance Service researchers developed the CDPBA 'biological age' from 10-year cardiovascular hospitalization risk in 11.7 million adults over 40. It predicted all-cause mortality better than conventional methods, with AUROC of 0.849 for men and 0.871 for women, offering a new cardiovascular dimension for quantifying biological aging.

中热心肠日报解读新研究：两种产甲烷古菌可增强肠道屏障并特异性扩增抗炎的调节性T细胞，在结肠炎模型中显著减轻体重下降、结肠缩短与组织损伤，且二者保护机制互不冗余；研究为长期被视为"促炎嫌疑"的肠道古菌正名，提示评估菌群失调不应忽略这群古老居民。

ENChinagut Daily highlights a new study showing that two methanogenic archaea strengthen the gut barrier and selectively expand anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells, markedly reducing weight loss, colon shortening and tissue injury in colitis models with non-redundant mechanisms — rehabilitating gut archaea long suspected of promoting inflammation.

中对ASPREE试验1.3万余名参与者的遗传分析发现，血小板计数遗传评分最高的老人服用低剂量阿司匹林后痴呆发生率约1%对安慰剂3.3%，相对风险约降70%；但同组大出血发生率4.4%对2.1%明显升高。研究者强调既往整体试验未见获益，不能据此推荐普遍服用阿司匹林预防痴呆。

ENA genetic analysis of over 13,500 ASPREE trial participants found that older adults with the highest platelet-count genetic scores had about 1% dementia incidence on low-dose aspirin versus 3.3% on placebo — roughly 70% lower relative risk — but major bleeding in the same group doubled (4.4% vs 2.1%). Researchers stress overall trials showed no benefit and do not recommend widespread aspirin use for dementia prevention.

中德州农工团队在PNAS报告：痘病毒感染中过量RNA堆积可在免疫显著激活之前直接损伤线粒体、降低细胞呼吸，甚至日常必需的mRNA过量也会干扰产能；研究者推测带负电的RNA可能扰乱线粒体内膜电平衡。该机制为病毒感染、神经退行性变及衰老相关疾病中的线粒体应激提供新解释，并对RNA药物与疫苗设计有提示意义。

ENTexas A&M researchers report in PNAS that excess RNA accumulating during poxvirus infection damages mitochondria and reduces cellular respiration even before strong immune activation — and that surplus everyday mRNA can also impair energy production. They speculate negatively charged RNA disturbs the inner-membrane electrical balance, a mechanism that may shed light on mitochondrial stress in viral infection, neurodegeneration and aging, and inform RNA drug and vaccine design.

中最新研究提出，G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）随年龄增长发生信号紊乱，与慢性炎症、代谢下降及心血管病、阿尔茨海默病等高度关联。研究倡导网络化干预：借系统生物学与可解释AI同步调节多条GPCR通路，按个体衰老差异定制方案，并与清除衰老细胞、代谢干预等延寿策略互补。

ENA new study proposes that age-related dysregulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the body's core cell communication system, is closely linked to inflammaging, metabolic decline and chronic diseases. Instead of single-receptor targeting, it advocates network-based interventions using systems biology and explainable AI to rebalance multiple GPCR pathways, complementing senolytics and metabolic therapies.

中亚太健康长寿国际峰会期间，多位国际专家澄清六个误区：长寿科学目标是延长健康寿命而非单纯寿命；2009-2019年美国健康预期寿命反而下降；迄今无任何药物或补剂被证明延长人类自然寿命，NAD+、肽类等动物实验结果不能直接推及人体，应以循证取代商业炒作。

ENDuring the Asia-Pacific Health Longevity Summit, international aging experts clarified six common misconceptions: the goal is extending healthspan, not lifespan; US healthy life expectancy actually declined from 2009-2019; and no drug or supplement has ever been proven to extend human lifespan — animal results for NAD+ boosters and peptides cannot be extrapolated to humans. They call for evidence over commercial hype.

中《Genome Medicine》研究开发基因工程益生菌，使GLP-1仅在进食时按需释放：肥胖小鼠模型中，饮食诱导型递送在抗脂肪堆积与抗脂肪变性上优于持续递送。机制上，持续给药会富集携带GLP-1降解酶基因的肠道细菌，按需递送则将其丰度降至最低，凸显「宿主-菌群-药物」互作的关键影响。

ENA Genome Medicine study engineered probiotics to release GLP-1 only upon food intake: in obese mice, diet-inducible delivery outperformed constitutive delivery against fat accumulation and steatosis. Mechanistically, continuous GLP-1 enriches gut bacteria carrying GLP-1-degrading enzyme genes, while inducible delivery minimizes them, highlighting host-microbiome-drug interactions in peptide delivery.

中西班牙CEBAS-CSIC学者Victoria Selma指出，肠道菌群与膳食多酚是双向关系：鞣花单宁转化为尿石素、异黄酮生成S-雌马酚等有益代谢物，取决于个体特定的菌群构成即「微生物代谢型」。同样的多酚干预在不同人身上代谢谱可截然不同，这正是个性化营养的生物学基础。

ENDr Victoria Selma of CEBAS-CSIC will explain at IPC 2027 that the gut microbiota and dietary polyphenols interact bidirectionally: beneficial metabolites like urolithins, S-equol and resveratrol derivatives depend on an individual's microbial metabotype. The same polyphenol intervention can yield very different metabolic profiles across people — the biological foundation of personalized nutrition.

中针对高龄大熊猫的肠道菌群研究发现，老年个体不仅保留了更强的纤维分解能力，肠道中还富集多种有益乳酸菌，呈现与人类健康老龄化相似的菌群特征。研究者认为，这一动物模型为「通过调控肠道菌群延缓衰老」提供了新证据，也提示选择合适的发酵食品与膳食纤维策略或有助于维持老年期的肠道功能。

ENA gut microbiome study of geriatric giant pandas found that aged individuals retain stronger fiber-degrading capacity and enrich multiple beneficial Lactobacillus species, mirroring microbial signatures of healthy human aging. The authors argue this animal model supports microbiome-targeted strategies — such as fermented foods and dietary fiber — for maintaining gut function in later life.

中百事Gatorade运动科学研究所参与的团队发表于《Nutrients》：36名精英男足球员在凉爽环境高强度训练中，汗率与汗钠流失个体差异巨大，碳水摄入普遍低于每小时30克建议值。低温环境易低估补水需求，应基于个体出汗与钠流失数据制定个性化补液补钠方案。

ENA Nutrients study involving PepsiCo's Gatorade Sports Science Institute tracked 36 elite male soccer players during high-intensity training in cool conditions: sweat rates and sodium losses varied hugely between individuals, and carbohydrate intake often fell below 30 g/hour. The authors warn cool environments breed complacency and call for personalized fluid and sodium plans.

中宾夕法尼亚大学团队用大语言模型分析约4万用户的近15万条Reddit帖子，首次系统考察未批准三受体激动剂retatrutide灰市使用者的自报副作用，登《JAMA Network Open》。意外发现「食欲增加」成最常见主诉；作者强调这是假设生成而非因果证据，灰市制剂成分剂量也难保证。

ENUniversity of Pennsylvania researchers used large language models to analyze nearly 150,000 Reddit posts from ~40,000 users, the first systematic look at gray-market retatrutide, published in JAMA Network Open. Unexpectedly, increased appetite was the most common self-reported symptom, contrary to its appetite-suppressing design. The authors stress this generates hypotheses, not causal evidence, and gray-market products vary in content.

中《International Journal of Women's Health》三臂双盲试验纳入135名女性：每日300mg天冬门（Shatavari）八周后，总FSFI评分改善34%、满意度提升64%、性困扰降29%，均优于安慰剂；联用南非醉茄改善更广。样本量小、周期短，需谨慎解读。

ENA three-arm randomized double-blind trial in the International Journal of Women's Health enrolled 135 women: 300 mg/day standardized Shatavari (SRI-81) for eight weeks improved total FSFI scores by 34%, satisfaction by 64% and cut sexual distress by 29% versus placebo; combining it with KSM-66 ashwagandha produced broader improvements with a 44% reduction in distress. Modest sample size warrants caution.

中维尔茨堡大学在《Frontiers in Nutrition》发表首个针对低骨密度人群的碧萝芷人体试验：67名女性每日200mg服用三个月，躯体疼痛与活力评分较安慰剂分别改善约25%与14%，骨吸收标志物CTX-1较基线降约11%（与安慰剂差异不显著），需更长期对照研究确认骨获益。

ENThe first human trial of Pycnogenol in low bone mineral density, from the University of Würzburg in Frontiers in Nutrition, randomized 67 women to 200 mg/day for three months: bodily pain and vitality scores improved about 25% and 14% versus placebo, and the bone-resorption marker CTX-1 fell about 11% from baseline, though not significantly versus placebo. Longer controlled studies are needed.

中NutraIngredients盘点显示，针对更年期、月经周期与多囊卵巢综合征的女性激素健康补剂研究正快速升温：从益生菌到NAD+前体，越来越多干预进入临床验证，且试验设计从主观自评量表转向客观激素测量，为女性全生命周期的精准补剂方案提供更高等级循证支撑。

ENNutraIngredients' roundup of the latest science shows women's hormonal health supplement research — spanning menopause, menstrual cycle and PCOS, from probiotics to NAD+ boosters — is intensifying, with clinical trials increasingly moving beyond subjective self-reporting toward objective hormonal measures, strengthening the evidence base for precision supplement strategies across a woman's life stages.

中第4届国际心血管代谢大会在昆明开幕，中外专家围绕心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征（CKM）探讨「AI+精准防治」。数据显示中国心血管死亡人群约70%伴代谢异常。治疗正从单纯降脂走向「降脂+抗炎」，残余胆固醇、脂蛋白(a)等新靶点与多组学、AI将支持更早更精准的个体化防治。

ENThe 4th International Cardiometabolic Congress opened in Kunming, with experts from China, Germany and Italy exploring AI-driven precision prevention for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Data show about 70% of Chinese cardiovascular deaths involve metabolic abnormalities. Therapy is shifting from lipid-lowering alone to combined lipid and inflammation targeting, aided by novel targets, single-cell multi-omics and AI for earlier, more personalized risk management.

中雅培「健康大满贯」项目首站落地北京景山街道，围绕血糖管理、心血管健康、医学营养、肠道健康与疾病诊断设置互动体验专区。宣武医院专家指出，从传统CGM到准确度更高的iCGM，连续精准的血糖数据可帮助患者更从容地做健康管理决策，也为医生制定方案提供更可靠依据；该项目将陆续走进全国多个城市和社区。

ENAbbott's 'Health Grand Slam' program debuted at Jingshan Subdistrict, Beijing, with interactive zones on glucose management, cardiovascular health, medical nutrition, gut health and diagnostics. Xuanwu Hospital experts noted that moving from CGM to higher-accuracy iCGM provides continuous, precise glucose data for better self-management decisions and more reliable treatment planning; the program will tour more cities and communities.

中第94届CMEF与药交会期间，轻智汇与赛升健康、康乃心分别签约：共建「AI+慢病管理+功能保健」业务链路，探索药企向主动健康延伸；并融合医疗级可穿戴与心电一张网，打造「硬件监测—AI评估—居家康复—随访复核」闭环，方案已覆盖诊后居家管理、体重管理与基层AI随访等场景。

ENDuring the 94th CMEF and the 93rd National Pharmaceutical Trade Fair, Qingzhihui signed strategic partnerships with Saisheng Health and KangNaixin: building an 'AI + chronic disease management + functional health' chain with a pharma partner, and integrating medical-grade wearables with an ECG network into a closed loop of monitoring, AI assessment, home rehabilitation and follow-up. Its solutions already cover home chronic disease care, weight management and grassroots AI-assisted follow-up.

中塔夫茨大学发表于《JAND》的研究分析NHANES三万成年人数据：2003-2018年咖啡饮用量基本不变（约13盎司/天），但来自咖啡的热量从43千卡增至60千卡、涨近40%。非乳制奶精摄入翻倍以上，取代糖与牛奶成为最大添加热量来源，咖啡的健康益处可能被「隐形热量」抵消。

ENA Tufts University study in JAND analyzed NHANES data from 30,000 US adults: between 2003 and 2018 coffee intake stayed flat at about 13 ounces daily, yet calories from coffee rose nearly 40% from 43 to 60 kcal/day. Non-dairy creamer consumption more than doubled, overtaking sugar and milk as the leading source of added calories — a hidden-calorie entry point worth attention in health management.