功能医学
Functional Medicine 4中德国基尔大学 Eric Alm 团队联合全球微生物组保护计划，从9国24地区434个物种水平基因组簇中培养测序5981株肠道细菌，发现工业化人群菌株蛋白组更大、泛基因组流动性更高，80%至90%的基因获得由水平基因转移驱动，维生素B12合成的cob与肽聚糖合成的mur操纵子出现跨物种趋同突变。
ENA team led by Eric Alm at Kiel University, working with the Global Microbiome Conservancy, cultured and sequenced 5,981 gut bacterial strains spanning 434 species-level clusters from 24 regions in nine countries. Strains from industrialized hosts carried larger proteomes and higher pangenome fluidity, with 80 to 90 percent of gene gains driven by horizontal gene transfer; the cob operon for vitamin B12 synthesis and the mur operon for peptidoglycan synthesis showed convergent non-synonymous mutations across species.
中北京协和医院朱兰、陈蓉团队11月3日在 Nature Medicine 发表前瞻队列，覆盖14家中心356名围绝经期女性，治疗前及第4、12、24周采集四部位菌群宏基因组。口服雌二醇/地屈孕酮主要改变泌尿生殖道与舌苔菌群；治疗前卷曲乳杆菌丰度与性功能评分正相关，菌群失调者改善微弱。
ENZhu Lan and Chen Rong of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, with BGI Life Science Research, published a multicentre prospective cohort in Nature Medicine on Nov 3 covering 356 perimenopausal women at 14 centres, with metagenomic sampling of four body sites before treatment and at weeks 4, 12 and 24. Oral estradiol plus dydrogesterone mainly shifted urogenital and tongue-coating microbiota while gut communities stayed stable; pre-treatment Lactobacillus crispatus abundance correlated with sexual function scores, women with disordered microbiota improved little, and the team built a machine-learning model to predict response.
中郑大一附院任志刚团队与浙大一院郑树森团队对700例多中心粪便样本做宏基因组测序，同时解析古菌、细菌、真菌、病毒四界及功能特征，用梯度提升机整合21个标志物建模。模型在三个独立队列平均AUC达91%，鉴别胆管癌与肝细胞癌AUC为99.74%，成果发表于 Genome Medicine。
ENRen Zhigang of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Zheng Shusen of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University sequenced faecal metagenomes from 700 multicentre samples, profiling archaea, bacteria, fungi and viruses plus functional features, then built a gradient-boosting model on 21 markers. The model reached a mean AUC of 91 percent across three independent cohorts, 99.74 percent for separating cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma, and detected 97.6 percent of CA19-9-negative cases; the work appeared in Genome Medicine.
中西南医科大学附属医院李亚玲、李俊团队在 Pharmacological Research 发表荟萃分析，汇总20项随机对照试验、1508名健康成人：益生菌显著降低抑郁评分并改善睡眠质量指数，焦虑未达显著且异质性极高；短于8周的干预对焦虑改善更好，多菌株组合效应更一致。
ENLi Yaling and Li Jun of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University published a systematic review and meta-analysis in Pharmacological Research pooling 20 randomised trials and 1,508 healthy adults with subclinical mood and sleep complaints. Probiotics significantly lowered depression scores (SMD -0.23) and improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (SMD -0.37), while anxiety did not reach significance amid high heterogeneity; interventions shorter than eight weeks outperformed longer ones for anxiety, and multi-strain formulas were more consistent.
长寿医学
Longevity Medicine 4中塔夫茨大学团队在 Cell 发文，发现多不饱和脂肪酸去饱和代谢是细胞在衰老与铁死亡间的分子开关：衰老细胞上调 FADS1/FADS2 比例、加速消耗 DGLA 以逃避铁死亡；外源 DGLA 经 CD36 摄入并引发膜脂过氧化，选择性杀伤衰老细胞，老龄小鼠口服后 p16 与 SASP 下降。
ENA Tufts University team reported in Cell that polyunsaturated fatty acid desaturation acts as the molecular switch deciding whether damaged cells senesce or undergo ferroptosis. Senescent cells raise the FADS1 to FADS2 ratio and shunt DGLA toward arachidonic acid, escaping ferroptosis; exogenous DGLA at 200 micromolar enters via CD36 and, with ALOX15-catalysed lipid peroxidation, selectively kills several senescent cell types. Five days of oral DGLA ethyl ester in old mice lowered p16 signalling, SASP expression and liver and kidney fibrosis after two weeks.
中得州大学圣安东尼奥健康科学中心 Nelson 团队在 bioRxiv 预印本报告：同品系雄鼠在青春期前、后与240日龄（约人类30岁）去势，寿命分别延长19%、26%与33%，成年期获益最大；但各组握力下降速度与对照组相同，提示去势延寿并非简单减缓衰老。研究者强调仅为小鼠结果且未经同行评审。
ENNelson and colleagues at UT Health San Antonio reported in a bioRxiv preprint that male mice of the same strain castrated before puberty, just after puberty, or at 240 days of age (roughly 30 human years) lived 19, 26 and 33 percent longer respectively, with the adult group gaining most. Grip strength and other functional decline progressed at the same rate as controls, suggesting the benefit is not simple slowing of ageing; the authors stress this is mouse data, not peer reviewed, and not transferable to humans.
中华西医院赵旭东团队靶向 NKG2D 配体的 CAR-T 技术，已由循源科技以专利作价入股承接，并启动衰老疫苗产业化项目。论文2023年登上 Science Translational Medicine 封面，证实可清除小鼠与恒河猴衰老细胞，是全球首个在灵长类验证的抗衰 CAR-T，仍处临床前。
ENA CAR-T platform targeting NKG2D ligands developed by Zhao Xudong at West China Hospital of Sichuan University has been transferred by patent-for-equity deal to Xunyuan Technology, which launched an industrialization project branded as a senescence vaccine. The underlying paper appeared as a 2023 cover article in Science Translational Medicine, showing clearance of senescent cells and improved ageing metrics in mice and rhesus macaques, the first anti-ageing CAR-T validated in non-human primates; it remains preclinical.
中Lifespan.io 11月3日报道，新研究发现雄性小鼠到中年时 naive T 细胞储备下降幅度明显大于雌性，识别肿瘤的能力随之减弱；恢复胸腺活性可改善保护作用。研究者认为这提示两性免疫衰老节奏不同，也为男性癌症发生率与免疫治疗应答差异提供了一条免疫学解释线索。
ENLifespan.io reported on Nov 3 that a new study found shrinking naive T cell reserves weaken tumour recognition in male mice by middle age more than in females, and that restoring thymic activity improved protection. The authors suggest the sexes age immunologically at different tempos, offering an immunological clue to sex differences in cancer incidence and immunotherapy response.
精准营养
Precision Nutrition 4中伊利诺伊理工学院将82名糖尿病前期成人随机分组，干预组每日一个中等哈斯牛油果加一杯鲜芒果，对照组以等热量碳水替代，共8周。结果血流介导舒张升至6.7%，对照组降至4.6%；男性中心血压降约1.9 mmHg，对照组升5 mmHg；体重与总热量无变化。研究发表于 JAHA，由行业机构资助。
ENIllinois Institute of Technology randomised 82 adults with prediabetes to a daily medium Hass avocado plus a cup of fresh mango or to calorie-matched carbohydrate alternatives for eight weeks, with 75 percent of meals provided. Flow-mediated dilation rose to 6.7 percent versus a fall to 4.6 percent in controls; central blood pressure fell about 1.9 mmHg in men on the fruit diet while rising 5 mmHg in controls, with no weight or calorie change. The study appeared in JAHA, funded by mango and avocado trade boards.
中人民日报健康客户端11月3日求证稿援引专家：我国60岁以上人群肌少症患病率约9.8%，早期可部分逆转。建议每日蛋白质1.2至1.5克/公斤（60公斤老人约72至90克），按每餐20至30克分配；优选鱼虾、瘦肉、蛋奶与大豆，并关注维生素D与亮氨酸，配合每周2至3次抗阻训练。
ENA People's Daily Health Client fact-check published on Nov 3 cited clinicians noting that about 9.8 percent of Chinese adults over 60 have sarcopenia and that early cases can partly reverse. Recommended intake is 1.2 to 1.5 grams of protein per kilogram daily, roughly 72 to 90 grams for a 60 kg older adult, split into 20 to 30 grams per meal to maximise muscle synthesis; fish, lean meat, eggs, dairy and soy are preferred, alongside vitamin D, leucine and resistance training two to three times weekly.
中拉萨市人民医院宣布自11月3日起开设营养门诊，每周二、周四全天由营养医师坐诊。服务覆盖普通人群膳食搭配与体重管理、孕产妇及婴幼儿青少年生长发育、老年人营养不良与消化薄弱，并针对糖尿病、高血压、痛风、肾病、肝病等提供专属营养治疗方案，以及术后与放化疗后的营养支持，强调结合高原饮食特点制定个体化方案。
ENLhasa People's Hospital said its new nutrition clinic opens on Nov 3, staffed by nutrition physicians all day every Tuesday and Thursday. Services cover everyday meal planning and weight management, pregnancy and child growth, malnutrition in older adults, disease-specific nutrition therapy for diabetes, hypertension, gout, kidney and liver disease, plus post-surgical and post-chemotherapy nutrition support, with individualised plans adapted to high-altitude dietary patterns.
中红网11月3日报道，株洲市三三一医院依托体重管理门诊整合治未病、临床营养与内分泌科，建立评估到随访闭环。开诊至今服务300余人，人均减重21斤，干预3个月减重5%以上者占98.2%，合并三高与脂肪肝者代谢指标恢复正常率83.0%；并把减脂餐与烹饪教学延伸到食堂、家庭和企业。
ENRednet reported on Nov 3 that Zhuzhou 331 Hospital built a closed loop of assessment, planning, execution and follow-up at its weight management clinic, combining preventive medicine, clinical nutrition and endocrinology and profiling patients by BMI, body composition and TCM constitution. It has served over 300 people with an average loss of 21 jin, 98.2 percent losing more than 5 percent at three months and 83.0 percent of those with metabolic syndrome normalising markers; low-fat canteen meals and cooking classes extend the prescription to homes and workplaces.
营养补剂
Dietary Supplements 4中伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校开放标签随机2a期试验纳入38例早中期年龄相关性黄斑变性患者，分入复方组（姜黄素类800毫克、反式白藜芦醇200毫克、槲皮素200毫克每日）或单用姜黄素组，疗程两年。复方组中心玻璃膜疣体积下降13.4%，单药组上升6.9%；视力复方组改善、单药组下降，但组间未达显著。
ENAn open-label randomised phase 2a trial at the University of Illinois Chicago assigned 38 people with early to intermediate age-related macular degeneration to a combination of 800 mg curcuminoids, 200 mg trans-resveratrol and 200 mg quercetin daily, or curcumin alone, for two years. Central drusen volume fell 13.4 percent with the combination but rose 6.9 percent with curcumin alone; visual acuity improved in the combination arm and declined in the monotherapy arm, though between-group differences were not statistically significant. The results appeared in Translational Vision Science and Technology.
中英国连锁 Holland & Barrett 报告预测2027年六大健康趋势：神经系统调节、降温补水、女性全周期健康、肌肉经济、主动心血管健康与拒绝过度量化的简约主义。2026年站内搜索镁3280万次居首，胶原2940万、维生素D 2700万次；企业预计精准发酵蛋白与功能性纤维将成创新重点。
ENUK retailer Holland and Barrett forecast six wellness trends for 2027: nervous-system regulation, cooling and hydration, women's health across life stages, the muscle economy, proactive cardiovascular health, and a simplicity trend that rejects over-tracking. On its site in 2026 magnesium drew 32.8 million searches, ahead of collagen at 29.4 million and vitamin D at 27 million, while a single magnesium bisglycinate line sold nearly 45 million capsules. The company expects precision-fermented proteins, functional fibres and polyphenols to drive innovation.
中报告指出渠道已由药店商超转向电商主导，2025年上半年膳食营养补充剂电商销售额622亿元、占近半市场；合成生物学、智能递送、多组学与AI推动产品从千人一面走向个性化精准营养。报告同时列出五类痛点：分类管理与标准待完善、新成分检测滞后、人体循证不足、擦边营销与贴牌同质化。
ENThe report says channels have shifted from pharmacies and supermarkets to e-commerce, with dietary supplement online sales reaching 62.2 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, close to half the market, as Gen Z and millennials became core buyers and demand spread across all age groups. Synthetic biology, smart delivery, multi-omics and AI are moving products from one-size-fits-all toward personalised precision nutrition. It also lists five pain points: incomplete category standards, lagging testing for novel ingredients, thin human evidence, borderline marketing claims and copycat contract manufacturing.
中在新加坡亚太农业食品创新峰会上，雀巢表示把健康长寿视为营养与补充剂协同的机会，强调让产品可日常食用；泰国正大采取日常营养、医学营养与个性化营养三线并进，与医院合作设计糖尿病及康复人群食品，并建设菌群数据库指导配餐；日本卡乐比与新加坡 AMILI 合作，以菌群检测加麦片订阅提供个性化营养服务。
ENAt the Asia-Pacific Agri-Food Innovation Summit in Singapore, Nestle described healthy longevity as an interconnected opportunity across food and supplements and stressed everyday accessibility. Thailand's CPF runs three tracks of daily, medical and personalised nutrition, codesigning foods with a hospital for diabetes and recovery diets and building a microbiome database to guide meal plans. Japan's Calbee works with Singapore's AMILI on a personalised nutrition service pairing a gut microbiome test with a granola subscription.
健康管理
Health Management 4中湖南省医保局等三部门印发通知，15项量化举措自公布起施行：基层普通门诊政策范围内报销70%且不设起付线，住院起付线统一200元、居民报85%、职工报93%；慢病最长12周长处方且不纳入次均费用考核；医共体健康管理结余不调减次年预算，结余留用向基层倾斜不低于40%。
ENThree Hunan departments issued a notice with 15 quantified measures effective immediately for five years: primary care outpatient reimbursement within policy scope rises to 70 percent with no deductible, inpatient deductibles unify at 200 yuan with 85 percent reimbursement for residents and 93 percent for employees, chronic disease prescriptions can run 12 weeks without counting toward average-cost assessments, and savings from good health management in county medical communities are not clawed back, with at least 40 percent retained at the primary level and 70 percent of contracted service fees going to family doctors.
中央广网11月3日报道，常州以市域统筹三医联动，构建防、筛、管、治、康全链条闭环。市第二人民医院体重管理中心整合内分泌、胃肠外科、注册营养师与运动康复等18个学科，患者挂一个号即可完成初筛、方案与长期随访；该院牵头组建江苏省首个体重管理联盟，吸纳51家机构，并向基层输出诊疗规范与数字化平台。
ENCNR reported on Nov 3 that Changzhou coordinates health, insurance and medical reform citywide to build a closed chain spanning prevention, screening, management, treatment and rehabilitation. The weight management centre at Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital brings together 18 disciplines including endocrinology, bariatric surgery, dietitians and exercise rehabilitation, so one registration covers screening, planning and long-term follow-up; the hospital leads Jiangsu's first weight management alliance of 51 institutions and exports protocols and a digital platform to primary care.
中10月30日至31日，2026体重管理中心建设与能力提升项目重庆专场在两江新区人民医院举行，全国80名管理者参加。8个专题涵盖青少年肥胖诊疗、内镜减重、穴位埋线安全管控、医学营养减重路径与《肌少型肥胖临床诊治专家共识（2026版）》解读，并分组观摩三个科室门诊与MDT演示。
ENOn Oct 30 and 31 the Chongqing leg of a 2026 weight management centre development programme drew 80 hospital leaders and clinicians to Liangjiang New Area People's Hospital. Eight sessions covered adolescent obesity care, endoscopic bariatric procedures, safety of acupoint catgut embedding, medical nutrition weight loss pathways, case manager roles and the 2026 expert consensus on sarcopenic obesity, with group visits to endocrinology, gastroenterology and nutrition clinics plus a multidisciplinary team demonstration.
中科学网11月3日报道，西藏那曲市比如县启动健康比如·健康共富双管行动暨十五五慢性病综合防控治行动，以管慢病体重、管健康意识为切口，依托县医疗集团构建筛查、干预、管理、保障全链条，衔接县乡村三级随访与转诊，并组织为期两天半的慢病防治能力培训，推动高原慢病防控由阶段性活动转向常态化。
ENScienceNet reported on Nov 3 that Biru county in Nagqu, Tibet, launched a dual-track chronic disease campaign for the 15th five-year plan period, targeting chronic disease weight control and health literacy. Relying on the county medical group, it builds a chain from screening and intervention to management and financing, links county, township and village follow-up and referral, and ran a two-and-a-half-day training course so high-altitude chronic disease control becomes routine rather than episodic.